<b>Encyclopedia on RTI for everyone</b><br/> You will find the Guide to Online RTI. https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/ Mon, 06 Apr 2026 20:42:47 +0000 FeedCreator 1.8 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/_media/wiki/logo.png https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/ https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/blog/rti-act-vs-privacy-how-the-2023-amendment-redefined-personal-information-and-sparked-a-transparency-crisis?rev=1741059267 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2025/03/04 03:29</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== RTI Act vs Privacy: How the 2023 Amendment Redefined Personal Information and Sparked a Transparency Crisis ======</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== RTI Act vs Privacy: How the 2023 Amendment Redefined Personal Information and Sparked a Transparency Crisis ======</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">{{:blog:1_rti-vs-privacy-indias-critical-transparency-dilemma.png?nolink|}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== Amendment to the Right to Information Act ======</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== Amendment to the Right to Information Act ======</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160;</td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 04 Mar 2025 03:34:27 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=blog%3A4_transparency-and-governance-broader-impacts.png&ns=blog&rev=1741059250&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 04 Mar 2025 03:34:10 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=blog%3A5_stakeholder-concerns-and-future-directions.png&ns=blog&rev=1741059250&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 04 Mar 2025 03:34:10 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=blog%3A3_information-officers-and-rti-applicants.png&ns=blog&rev=1741059250&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 04 Mar 2025 03:34:10 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=blog%3A2_section-81j-a-legislative-amendment.png&ns=blog&rev=1741059250&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 04 Mar 2025 03:34:10 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=blog%3A1_rti-vs-privacy-indias-critical-transparency-dilemma.png&ns=blog&rev=1741059250&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 04 Mar 2025 03:34:10 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/blog/the-current-state-of-right-to-information-in-india-challenges-judicial-interpretations-and-future-direction?rev=1741057063 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2025/03/02 12:35</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== The Current State of Right to Information in India: Challenges, Judicial Interpretations, and Future Direction ======</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== The Current State of Right to Information in India: Challenges, Judicial Interpretations, and Future Direction ======</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">{{:blog:rtiwiki-analysis.png?nolink|}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{ :blog:the_current_state_of_right_to_information_in_india_1_.pdf |Download our analysis and article}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{ :blog:the_current_state_of_right_to_information_in_india_1_.pdf |Download our analysis and article}}</td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 04 Mar 2025 02:57:43 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=blog%3Artiwiki-analysis.png&ns=blog&rev=1741057046&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 04 Mar 2025 02:57:26 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/blog/the-impact-of-delhi-high-court-s-ruling-on-phd-theses-under-rti-act-balancing-academic-freedom-and-research-transparency-in-india?rev=1741056695 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2025/03/04 02:50</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 10:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 10:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{:blog:8_conclusion-a-step-towards-open-science.png?400|}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{:blog:8_conclusion-a-step-towards-open-science.png?400|}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark"> </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">{{url&gt;https://gamma.app/embed/s9i48lb0qsi2fjv}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">{{url&gt;<strong class="diff-mark">&lt;iframe src=&quot;</strong>https://gamma.app/embed/s9i48lb0qsi2fjv<strong class="diff-mark">&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;</strong>}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">The Delhi High Court&#039;s landmark ruling in December 2024 regarding the disclosure of PhD theses under India&#039;s Right to Information (RTI) Act has sent ripples through the academic landscape, establishing a critical precedent that redefines the balance between intellectual property protection and public access to academic research. This judgment not only clarifies the legal framework governing research dissemination but also fundamentally influences academic freedom, research practices, and institutional policies across Indian universities. The court&#039;s nuanced approach acknowledges the complexities of modern research environments while reinforcing the principle that scholarly work, particularly that conducted at public institutions, must ultimately serve the broader academic community and public interest.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">The Delhi High Court&#039;s landmark ruling in December 2024 regarding the disclosure of PhD theses under India&#039;s Right to Information (RTI) Act has sent ripples through the academic landscape, establishing a critical precedent that redefines the balance between intellectual property protection and public access to academic research. 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======</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">===== Right to Information Act 2005 =====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Here are the updated Act.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">{{ :rti_act_2005_amended_-english_version.docx |}} &amp; {{ ::rti_act_2005_amended_-english_version.pdf |}}</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">====== Preamble ======</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">An Act to provide for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, the constitution of a Central Information Commission and State Information Commissions and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Whereas the Constitution of India has established democratic Republic;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">And whereas democracy requires an informed citizenry and transparency of information which are vital to its functioning and also to contain corruption and to hold Governments and their instrumentalities accountable to the governed;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">And whereas revelation of information in actual practice is likely to conflict with other public interests including efficient operations of the Governments, optimum use of limited fiscal resources and the preservation of confidentiality of sensitive information;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">And whereas it is necessary to harmonize these conflicting interests while preserving the paramountcy of the democratic ideal;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Now, therefore, it is expedient to provide for furnishing certain information to citizens who desire to have it.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Be it enacted by Parliament in the Fifty-sixth Year of the Republic of India as follows</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">===== Chapter I =====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 1: Preliminary Short title, extent and commencement ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">1. 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means the right to information accessible under this Act which is held by or under the control of any public authority and includes the right to—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(i) inspection of work, documents, [[Explanations:File-Notings|records]];&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(ii) taking notes, extracts or certified copies of documents or [[Explanations:File-Notings|records]];&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(iii) taking certified samples of material;&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(iv) obtaining information in the form of diskettes, floppies, tapes, video cassettes or in any other electronic mode or through printouts where such information is stored in a computer or in any other device;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(k) &quot;State Information Commission&quot; means the State Information Commission constituted under sub-section (1) of section 15;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(l) &quot;State Chief Information Commissioner&quot; and &quot;State Information Commissioner&quot; mean the State Chief Information Commissioner and the State Information Commissioner appointed under sub-section (3) of section 15;&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(m) &quot;State Public Information Officer&quot; means the State Public Information Officer designated under sub-section (1) and includes a State Assistant Public Information Officer designated as such under sub-section (2) of section 5;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(n) &quot;third party&quot; means a person other than the citizen making a request for information and includes a public authority.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">=====Chapter II =====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 3: Citizen ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">3. Subject to the provisions of this Act, all citizens shall have the right to information</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 4: Obligations of Public Authorities====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">4. (1) Every public authority shall—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">a) maintain all its records duly catalogued and indexed in a manner and the form which facilitates the right to information under this Act and ensure that all records that are appropriate to be computerised are, within a reasonable time and subject to availability of resources, computerised and connected through a network all over the country on different systems so that access to such records is facilitated;&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">b) publish within one hundred and twenty days from the enactment of this Act,—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(i) the particulars of its organisation, functions and duties;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(ii) the powers and duties of its officers and employees;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(iii) the procedure followed in the decision making process, including channels of supervision and accountability;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(iv) the norms set by it for the discharge of its functions;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(v) the rules, regulations, instructions, manuals and records, held by it or under its control or used by its employees for discharging its functions;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(vi) a statement of the categories of documents that are held by it or under its control;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(vii) the particulars of any arrangement that exists for consultation with, or representation by, the members of the public in relation to the formulation of its policy or implementation thereof;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(viii) a statement of the boards, councils, committees and other bodies consisting of two or more persons constituted as its part or for the purpose of its advice, and as to whether meetings of those boards, councils, committees and other bodies are open to the public, or the minutes of such meetings are accessible for public;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(ix) a directory of its officers and employees;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(x) the monthly remuneration received by each of its officers and employees, including the system of compensation as provided in its regulations;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(xi) the budget allocated to each of its agency, indicating the particulars of all plans, proposed expenditures and reports on disbursements made;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(xii) the manner of execution of subsidy programmes, including the amounts allocated and the details of beneficiaries of such programmes;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(xiii) particulars of recipients of concessions, permits or authorisations granted by it</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(xiv) details in respect of the information, available to or held by it, reduced in an electronic form;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(xv) the particulars of facilities available to citizens for obtaining information, including the working hours of a library or reading room, if maintained for public use;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(xvi) the names, designations and other particulars of the Public Information Officers;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(xvii) such other information as may be prescribed; and thereafter update these publications every year;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">c) publish all relevant facts while formulating important policies or announcing the decisions which affect public;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">d) provide reasons for its administrative or quasi-judicial decisions to affected persons.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) It shall be a constant endeavour of every public authority to take steps in accordance with the requirements of clause (b) of sub-section (1) to provide as much information suo motu to the public at regular intervals through various means of communications, including internet, so that the public have minimum resort to the use of this Act to obtain information.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) For the purposes of sub-section (1), every information shall be disseminated widely and in such form and manner which is easily accessible to the public.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) All materials shall be disseminated taking into consideration the cost effectiveness, local language and the most effective method of communication in that local area and the information should be easily accessible, to the extent possible in electronic format with the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, available free or at such cost of the medium or the print cost price as may be prescribed.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Explanation.—For the purposes of sub-sections (3) and (4), &quot;disseminated&quot; means making known or communicated the information to the public through notice boards, newspapers, public announcements, media broadcasts, the internet or any other means, including inspection of offices of any public authority.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 5: Designation of Public Information Officers ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">5. (1) Every public authority shall, within one hundred days of the enactment of this Act, designate as many officers as the Central Public Information Officers or State Public Information Officers, as the case may be, in all administrative units or offices under it as may be necessary to provide information to persons requesting for the information under this Act.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-section (1), every public authority shall designate an officer, within one hundred days of the enactment of this Act, at each sub-divisional level or other sub-district level as a Central Assistant Public Information Officer or a State Assistant Public Information Officer, as the case may be, to receive the applications for information or appeals under this Act for forwarding the same forthwith to the Central Public Information Officer or the State Public Information Officer or senior officer specified under sub-section (1) of section 19 or the Central Information Commission or the State Information Commission, as the case may be:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that where an application for information or appeal is given to a Central Assistant Public Information Officer or a State Assistant Public Information Officer, as the case may be, a period of five days shall be added in computing the period for response specified under sub-section (1) of section 7.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) Every Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, shall deal with requests from persons seeking information and render reasonable assistance to the persons seeking such information.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) The Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, may seek the assistance of any other officer as he or she considers it necessary for the proper discharge of his or her duties.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(5) Any officer, whose assistance has been sought under sub-section (4), shall render all assistance to the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, seeking his or her assistance and for the purposes of any contravention of the provisions of this Act, such other officer shall be treated as a Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer ([[explanations:deemed-cpio|Deemed PIO]])(({{:explanations:deemed-cpio.pdf|CIC OM No: 1/14/2008-IR dated 28th July 2008 titled: Clarifications regarding Sub-Section (4) and (5) of the Right to Information Act 2005}})), as the case may be.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 6: Request for obtaining information ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">6. (1) A person, who desires to obtain any information under this Act, shall make a request in writing or through electronic means in English or Hindi or in the official language of the area in which the application is being made, accompanying such fee as may be prescribed, to—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, of the concerned public authority;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) the Central Assistant Public Information Officer or State Assistant Public Information Officer, as the case may be, specifying the particulars of the information sought by him or her:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that where such request cannot be made in writing, the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, shall render all reasonable assistance to the person making the request orally to reduce the same in writing.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) An applicant making request for information shall not be required to give any reason for requesting the information or any other personal details except those that may be necessary for contacting him.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) Where an application is made to a public authority requesting for an information,—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(i) which is held by another public authority; or</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(ii) the subject matter of which is more closely connected with the functions of another public authority, the public authority, to which such application is made, shall transfer the application or such part of it as may be appropriate to that other public authority and inform the applicant immediately about such transfer:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the [[explanations:transfer-application|transfer of an application]](({{:explanations:transfer_of_application_rti.pdf|Transfer of Application Circulars from CIC}})) pursuant to this sub-section shall be made as soon as practicable but in no case later than five days from the date of receipt of the application.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 7: Disposal of request ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Subject to the proviso to sub-section (2) of section 5 or the proviso to sub- section (3) of section 6, the 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class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) the details of further fees representing the cost of providing the information as determined by him, together with the calculations made to arrive at the amount in accordance with fee prescribed under sub- section (1), requesting him to deposit that fees, and the period intervening between the despatch of the said intimation and payment of fees shall be excluded for the purpose of calculating the period of thirty days referred to in that sub-section;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) information concerning his or her right with respect to review the decision as to the amount of fees charged or the form of access provided, including the particulars of the appellate authority, time limit, process and any other forms.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td 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<tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the fee prescribed under sub-section (1) of section 6 and sub-sections (1) and (5) of section 7 shall be reasonable and no such fee shall be charged from the persons who are of below poverty line as may be determined by the appropriate Government.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(6) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (5), the person making request for the information shall be provided the information free of charge where a public authority fails to comply with the time limits specified in sub-section (1).</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(7) Before taking any decision under sub-section (1), the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, shall take into consideration the representation made by a third party under section 11.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(8) Where a request has been rejected under sub-section (1), the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, shall communicate to the person making the request,—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(i)&#160; the reasons for such [[explanations:grounds-for-rejection|rejection]];</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(ii)&#160; the period within which an appeal against such rejection may be preferred; and</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(iii)&#160; the particulars of the appellate authority.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(9) An information shall ordinarily be provided in the form in which it is sought unless it would disproportionately divert the resources of the public authority or would be detrimental to the safety or preservation of the record in question((Clarifications regarding format in which the &#039;Information should be supplied under the RTI Act, 2005. {{::information-format-rti-clarification.pdf|DoPT ON No 11/2/2008-IR dated 10th July 2008}})).&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 8: Exemption from disclosure of information ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, there shall be no obligation to give any citizen,—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) information, disclosure of which would prejudicially affect the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security, strategic, scientific or economic interests of the State, relation with foreign State or lead to incitement of an offence;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) information which has been expressly forbidden to be published by any court of law or tribunal or the disclosure of which may constitute contempt of court;&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(c) information, the disclosure of which would cause a breach of privilege of Parliament or the State Legislature;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(d) information including commercial confidence, trade secrets or intellectual property, the disclosure of which would harm the competitive position of a third party, unless the competent authority is satisfied that larger public interest warrants the disclosure of such information;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(e) information available to a person in his [[Explanations:fiduciary-relationship| fiduciary relationship]], unless the competent authority is satisfied that the larger public interest warrants the disclosure of such information;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(f) information received in confidence from foreign Government;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(g) information, the disclosure of which would endanger the life or physical safety of any person or identify the source of information or assistance given in confidence for law enforcement or security purposes;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(h) information which would impede the process of [[Explanations:Investigation under RTI|investigation]] or apprehension or prosecution of offenders;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(i) cabinet papers including records of deliberations of the Council of Ministers, Secretaries and other officers:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the decisions of Council of Ministers, the reasons thereof, and the material on the basis of which the decisions were taken shall be made public after the decision has been taken, and the matter is complete, or over:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided further that those matters which come under the exemptions specified in this section shall not be disclosed;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(j) information which relates to personal information the disclosure of which has no relationship to any public activity or interest, or which would cause unwarranted invasion of the [[Explanations:privacy]] of the individual unless the Central Public Information Officer or the State Public Information Officer or the appellate authority, as the case may be, is satisfied that the larger public interest justifies the disclosure of such information:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the information which cannot be denied to the Parliament or a State Legislature shall not be denied to any person.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Notwithstanding anything in the Official Secrets Act, 1923 nor any of the exemptions permissible in accordance with sub-section (1), a public authority may allow access to information, if public interest in disclosure outweighs the harm to the protected interests.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) Subject to the provisions of clauses (a), (c) and (i) of sub-section (1), any information relating to any occurrence, event or matter which has taken place, occurred or happened twenty years before the date on which any request is made under section 6 shall be provided to any person making a request under that section:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that where any question arises as to the date from which the said period of twenty years has to be computed, the decision of the Central Government shall be final, subject to the usual appeals provided for in this Act.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 9: Grounds for rejection to access in certain cases ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Without prejudice to the provisions of section 8, a Central Public Information Officer or a State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, may reject a request for information where such a request for providing access would involve an infringement of copyright subsisting in a person other than the State.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 10: Severability ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[[explanations:severability|Severability]]</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Where a request for access to information is rejected on the ground that it is in relation to information which is exempt from disclosure, then, notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, access may be provided to that part of the record which does not contain any information which is exempt from disclosure under this Act and which can reasonably be severed from any part that contains exempt information.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Where access is granted to a part of the record under sub-section (1), the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, shall give a notice to the applicant, informing—&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) that only part of the record requested, after severance of the record containing information which is exempt from disclosure, is being provided;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) the reasons for the decision, including any findings on any material question of fact, referring to the material on which those findings were based;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(c) the name and designation of the person giving the decision;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(d) the details of the fees calculated by him or her and the amount of fee which the applicant is required to deposit; and</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(e) his or her rights with respect to review of the decision regarding non-disclosure of part of the information, the amount of fee charged or the form of access provided, including the particulars of the senior officer specified under sub-section (1) of section 19 or the Central Information Commission or the State Information Commission, as the case may be, time limit, process and any other form of access.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 11: Third party information ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Where a Central Public Information Officer or a State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, intends to disclose any information or record, or part thereof on a request made under this Act, which relates to or has been supplied by a [[Explanations:Third-Party|third party]] and has been treated as confidential by that [[Explanations:Third-Party|third party]], the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, shall, within five days from the receipt of the request, give a written notice to such [[Explanations:Third-Party|third party]] of the request and of the fact that the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, intends to disclose the information or record, or part thereof, and invite the third party to make a submission in writing or orally, regarding whether the information should be disclosed, and such submission of the third party shall be kept in view while taking a decision about disclosure of information:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that except in the case of trade or commercial secrets protected by law, disclosure may be allowed if the public interest in disclosure outweighs in importance any possible harm or injury to the interests of such third party.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Where a notice is served by the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, under sub-section (1) to a third party in respect of any information or record or part thereof, the third party shall, within ten days from the date of receipt of such notice, be given the opportunity to make representation against the proposed disclosure.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 7, the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, shall, within forty days after receipt of the request under section 6, if the third party has been given an opportunity to make representation under sub-section (2), make a decision as to whether or not to disclose the information or record or part thereof and give in writing the notice of his decision to the third party.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) A notice given under sub-section (3) shall include a statement 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colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) The Central Information Commission shall consist of—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a)&#160; the Chief Information Commissioner; and</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b)&#160; such number of Central Information Commissioners, not exceeding ten, as may be deemed necessary.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td 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<tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Explanation.—For the purposes of removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that where the Leader of Opposition in the House of the People has not been recognised as such, the Leader of the single largest group in opposition of the Government in the House of the People shall be deemed to be the Leader of Opposition.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) The general superintendence, direction and management of the affairs of the Central Information Commission shall vest in the Chief Information Commissioner who shall be assisted by the Information Commissioners and may exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things which may be exercised or done by the Central Information Commission autonomously without being subjected to directions by any other authority under this Act.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(5) The Chief Information Commissioner and Information Commissioners shall be persons of eminence in public life with wide knowledge and experience in law, science and technology, social service, management, journalism, mass media or administration and governance.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(6) The Chief Information Commissioner or an Information Commissioner shall not be a Member of Parliament or Member of the Legislature of any State or Union territory, as the case may be, or hold any other office of profit or connected with any political party or carrying on any business or pursuing any profession.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(7) The headquarters of the Central Information Commission shall be at Delhi and the Central Information Commission may, with the previous approval of the Central Government, establish offices at other places in India.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 13: Term of office and conditions of service ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) The Chief Information Commissioner shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office and shall not be eligible for reappointment:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that no Chief Information Commissioner shall hold office as such after he has attained the age of sixty-five years.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Every Information Commissioner shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office or till he attains the age of sixty-five years, whichever is earlier, and shall not be eligible for reappointment as such Information Commissioner:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that every Information Commissioner shall, on vacating his office under this sub-section be eligible for appointment as the Chief Information Commissioner in the manner specified in sub-section (3) of section 12:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided further that where the Information Commissioner is appointed as the Chief Information Commissioner, his term of office shall not be more than five years in aggregate as the Information Commissioner and the Chief Information Commissioner.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) The Chief Information Commissioner or an Information Commissioner shall before he enters upon his office make and subscribe before the President or some other person appointed by him in that behalf, an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the First Schedule.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) The Chief Information Commissioner or an Information Commissioner may, at any time, by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign from his office:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the Chief Information Commissioner or an Information Commissioner may be removed in the manner specified under section 14.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(5) The salaries and allowances payable to and other terms and conditions of service of—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) the Chief Information Commissioner shall be the same as that of the Chief Election Commissioner;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) an Information Commissioner shall be the same as that of an Election Commissioner:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that if the Chief Information Commissioner or an Information Commissioner, at the time of his appointment is, in receipt of a pension, other than a disability or wound pension, in respect of any previous service under the Government of India or under the Government of a State, his salary in respect of the service as the Chief Information Commissioner or an Information Commissioner shall be reduced by the amount of that pension including any portion of pension which was commuted and pension equivalent of other forms of retirement benefits excluding pension equivalent of retirement gratuity:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided further that if the Chief Information Commissioner or an Information Commissioner if, at the time of his appointment is, in receipt of retirement benefits in respect of any previous service rendered in a Corporation established by or under any Central Act or State Act or a Government company owned or controlled by the Central Government or the State Government, his salary in respect of the service as the Chief Information Commissioner or an Information Commissioner shall be reduced by the amount of pension equivalent to the retirement benefits:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided also that the salaries, allowances and other conditions of service of the Chief Information Commissioner and the Information Commissioners shall not be varied to their disadvantage after their appointment.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(6) The Central Government shall provide the Chief Information Commissioner and the Information Commissioners with such officers and employees as may be necessary for the efficient performance of their functions under this Act, and the salaries and allowances payable to and the terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees appointed for the purpose of this Act shall be such as may be prescribed.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 14: Removal of Chief Information Commissioner or Information Commissioner ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">1) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), the Chief Information Commissioner or any Information Commissioner shall be removed from his office only by order of the President on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity after the Supreme Court, on a reference made to it by the President, has, on inquiry, reported that the Chief Information Commissioner or any Information Commissioner, as the case may be, ought on such ground be removed.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) The President may suspend from office, and if deem necessary prohibit also from attending the office during inquiry, the Chief Information Commissioner or Information Commissioner in respect of whom a reference has been made to the Supreme Court under sub-section (1) until the President has passed orders on receipt of the report of the Supreme Court on such reference.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the President may by order remove from office the Chief Information Commissioner or any Information Commissioner if the Chief Information Commissioner or a Information Commissioner, as the case may be,—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a)&#160; is adjudged an insolvent; or</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b)&#160; has been convicted of an offence which, in the opinion of the President, involves moral turpitude; or</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(c)&#160; engages during his term of office in any paid employment outside the duties of his office; or</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(d)&#160; is, in the opinion of the President, unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body; or</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(e)&#160; has acquired such financial or other interest as is likely to affect prejudicially his functions as the Chief Information Commissioner or a Information Commissioner.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) If the Chief Information Commissioner or a Information Commissioner in any way, concerned or interested in any contract or agreement made by or on behalf of the Government of India or participates in any way in the profit thereof or in any benefit or emolument arising therefrom otherwise than as a member and in common with the other members of an incorporated company, he shall, for the purposes of sub-section (1), be deemed to be guilty of misbehaviour.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">===== Chapter IV =====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The State Information Commission</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 15: Constitution of State Information Commission ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Every State Government shall, by notification in the Official Gazette, constitute a body to be known as the ......... (name of the State) Information Commission to exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the functions assigned to, it under this Act.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) The State Information Commission shall consist of—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) the State Chief Information Commissioner, and</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) such number of State Information Commissioners, not exceeding ten, as may be deemed necessary.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) The State Chief Information Commissioner and the State Information Commissioners shall be appointed by the Governor on the recommendation of a committee consisting of—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(i) the Chief Minister, who shall be the Chairperson of the committee;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(ii) the Leader of Opposition in the Legislative Assembly; and</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(iii) a Cabinet Minister to be nominated by the Chief Minister</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Explanation.—For the purposes of removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that where the Leader of Opposition in the Legislative Assembly has not been recognised as such, the Leader of the single largest group in opposition of the Government in the Legislative Assembly shall be deemed to be the Leader of Opposition.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) The general superintendence, direction and management of the affairs of the State Information Commission shall vest in the State Chief Information Commissioner who shall be assisted by the State Information Commissioners and may exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things which may be exercised or done by the State Information Commission autonomously without being subjected to directions by any other authority under this Act.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(5) The State Chief Information Commissioner and the State Information Commissioners shall be persons of eminence in public life with wide knowledge and experience in law, science and technology, social service, management, journalism, mass media or administration and governance.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(6) The State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner shall not be a Member of Parliament or Member of the Legislature of any State or Union territory, as the case may be, or hold any other office of profit or connected with any political party or carrying on any business or pursuing any profession.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(7) The headquarters of the State Information Commission shall be at such place in the State as the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify and the State Information Commission may, with the previous approval of the State Government, establish offices at other places in the State.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 16: Term of office and conditions of service ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) The State Chief Information Commissioner shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office and shall not be eligible for reappointment:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that no State Chief Information Commissioner shall hold office as such after he has attained the age of sixty-five years.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Every State Information Commissioner shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office or till he attains the age of sixty-five years, whichever is earlier, and shall not be eligible for reappointment as such State Information Commissioner:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that every State Information Commissioner shall, on vacating his office under this sub-section, be eligible for appointment as the State Chief Information Commissioner in the manner specified in sub-section (3) of section 15:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided further that where the State Information Commissioner is appointed as the State Chief Information Commissioner, his term of office shall not be more than five years in aggregate as the State Information Commissioner and the State Chief Information Commissioner.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) The State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner, other person appointed by him in that behalf, an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the First Schedule.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) The State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner may, at any time, by writing under his hand addressed to the Governor, resign from his office:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner may be removed in the manner specified under section 17.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(5) The salaries and allowances payable to and other terms and conditions of service of—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) the State Chief Information Commissioner shall be the same as that of an Election Commissioner;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) the State Information Commissioner shall be the same as that of the Chief Secretary to the State Government:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that if the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner, at the time of his appointment is, in receipt of a pension, other than a disability or wound pension, in respect of any previous service under the Government of India or under the Government of a State, his salary in respect of the service as the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner shall be reduced by the amount of that pension including any portion of pension which was commuted and pension equivalent of other forms of retirement benefits excluding pension equivalent of retirement gratuity:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided further that where the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner if, at the time of his appointment is, in receipt of retirement benefits in respect of any previous service rendered in a Corporation established by or under any Central Act or State Act or a Government company owned or controlled by the Central Government or the State Government, his salary in respect of the service as the State Chief Information Commissioner or the State Information Commissioner shall be reduced by the amount of pension equivalent to the retirement benefits:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided also that the salaries, allowances and other conditions of service of the State Chief Information Commissioner and the State Information Commissioners shall not be varied to their disadvantage after their appointment.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(6) The State Government shall provide the State Chief Information Commissioner and the State Information Commissioners with such officers and employees as may be necessary for the efficient performance of their functions under this Act, and the salaries and allowances payable to and the terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees appointed for the purpose of this Act shall be such as may be prescribed.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 17: Removal of State Chief Information Commissioner or State Information Commissioner ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner shall be removed from his office only by order of the Governor on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity after the Supreme Court, on a reference made to it by the Governor, has on inquiry, reported that the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner, as the case may be, ought on such ground be removed.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) The Governor may suspend from office, and if deem necessary prohibit also from attending the office during inquiry, the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner in respect of whom a reference has been made to the Supreme Court under sub-section (1) until the Governor has passed orders on receipt of the report of the Supreme Court on such reference.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the Governor may by order remove from office the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner if a State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner, as the case may be,—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a)&#160; is adjudged an insolvent; or</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b)&#160; has been convicted of an offence which, in the opinion of the Governor, involves moral turpitude; or</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(c)&#160; engages during his term of office in any paid employment outside the duties of his office; or</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(d)&#160; is, in the opinion of the Governor, unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body; or</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(e)&#160; has acquired such financial or other interest as is likely to affect prejudicially his functions as the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) If the State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner in any way, concerned or interested in any contract or agreement made by or on behalf of the Government of the State or participates in any way in the profit thereof or in any benefit or emoluments arising therefrom otherwise than as a member and in common with the other members of an incorporated company, he shall, for the purposes of sub-section (1), be deemed to be guilty of misbehaviour.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">===== Chapter V =====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Powers and functions of the Information Commissions, appeal and penalties</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 18: Powers and functions of Information Commissions ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, it shall be the duty of the Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, to receive and inquire into a complaint from any person,—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a)&#160; who has been unable to submit a request to a Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, either by reason that no such officer has been appointed under this Act, or because the Central Assistant Public Information Officer or State Assistant Public Information Officer, as the case may be, has refused to accept his or her application for information or appeal under this Act for forwarding the same to the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer or senior officer specified in sub- section (1) of section 19 or the Central Information Commission or the State Information Commission, as the case may be;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b)&#160; who has been refused access to any information requested under this Act;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(c)&#160; who has not been given a response to a request for information or access to information within the time limit specified under this Act;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(d)&#160; who has been required to pay an amount of fee which he or she considers unreasonable</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(e)&#160; who believes that he or she has been given incomplete, misleading or false information under this Act; and</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(f)&#160; in respect of any other matter relating to requesting or obtaining access to records under this Act.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Where the Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds to inquire into the matter, it may initiate an inquiry in respect thereof.&#160;&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) The Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, shall, while inquiring into any matter under this section, have the same powers as are vested in a civil court while trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure , in respect of the following matters, namely:—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of persons and compel them to give oral or written evidence on oath and to produce the documents or things;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) requiring the discovery and inspection of documents;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(c) receiving evidence on affidavit;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(d) requisitioning any public record or copies thereof from any court or office;&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(e) issuing summons for examination of witnesses or documents; and any other matter which may be prescribed; and \\</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(f) any other matter which may be prescribed.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) Notwithstanding anything inconsistent contained in any other Act of Parliament or State Legislature, as the case may be, the Central Information Commission or the State Information Commission, as the case may be, may, during the inquiry of any complaint under this Act, examine any record to which this Act applies which is under the control of the public authority, and no such record may be withheld from it on any grounds.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 19: Appeal ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Any person who, does not receive a decision within the time specified in sub- section (1) or clause (a) of sub-section (3) of section 7, or is aggrieved by a decision of the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, may within thirty days from the expiry of such period or from the receipt of such a decision prefer an appeal to such officer who is senior in rank to the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer as the case may be, in each public authority:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that such officer may admit the appeal after the expiry of the period of thirty days if he or she is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Where an appeal is preferred against an order made by a Central Public Information Officer or a State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, under section 11 to disclose third party information, the appeal by the concerned third party shall be made within thirty days from the date of the order.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) A second appeal against the decision under sub-section (1) shall lie within ninety days from the date on which the decision should have been made or was actually received, with the Central Information Commission or the State Information Commission:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the Central Information Commission or the State Information Commission, as the case may be, may admit the appeal after the expiry of the period of ninety days if it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(4) If the decision of the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, against which an appeal is preferred relates to information of a third party, the Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, shall give a reasonable opportunity of being heard to that third party.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(5) In any appeal proceedings, the onus to prove that a denial of a request was justified shall be on the Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, who denied the request.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(6) An appeal under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) shall be disposed of within thirty days of the receipt of the appeal or within such extended period not exceeding a total of forty-five days from the date of filing thereof, as the case may be, for reasons to be recorded in writing.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(7) The decision of the Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, shall be binding.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(8) In its decision, the Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, has the power to—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) require the public authority to take any such steps as may be necessary to secure compliance with the provisions of this Act, including—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(i)&#160; by providing access to information, if so requested, in a particular form;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(ii)&#160; by appointing a Central Public Information Officer or State Public Information Officer, as the case may be;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(iii)&#160; by publishing certain information or categories of information;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(iv)&#160; by making necessary changes to its practices in relation to the maintenance, management and destruction of records;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(v) by enhancing the provision of training on the right to information for its officials;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(vi)&#160; by providing it with an annual report in compliance with clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 4;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) require the public authority to compensate the complainant for any loss or other detriment suffered;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(c) impose any of the penalties provided under this Act;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(d) reject the application.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(9) The Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, shall give notice of its decision, including any right of appeal, to the complainant and the public authority.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(10) The Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, shall decide the appeal in accordance with such procedure as may be prescribed.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section: 20 Penalties ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Where the Central Information Commission or the State Information Commission, as the case may be, at the time of deciding any complaint or appeal is of the opinion that the Central Public Information Officer or the State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, has, without any reasonable cause, refused to receive an application for information or has not furnished information within the time specified under sub-section (1) of section 7 or malafidely denied the request for information or knowingly given incorrect, incomplete or misleading information or destroyed information which was the subject of the request or obstructed in any manner in furnishing the information, it shall impose a penalty of two hundred and fifty rupees each day till application is received or information is furnished, so however, the total amount of such penalty shall not exceed twenty-five thousand rupees:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the Central Public Information Officer or the State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, shall be given a reasonable opportunity of being heard before any penalty is imposed on him:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided further that the burden of proving that he acted reasonably and diligently shall be on the Central Public Information Officer or the State Public Information Officer, as the case may be.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Where the Central Information Commission or the State Information Commission, as the case may be, at the time of deciding any complaint or appeal is of the opinion that the Central Public Information Officer or the State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, has, without any reasonable cause and persistently, failed to receive an application for information or has not furnished information within the time specified under sub- section (1) of section 7 or malafidely denied the request for information or knowingly given incorrect, incomplete or misleading information or destroyed information which was the subject of the request or obstructed in any manner in furnishing the information, it shall recommend for disciplinary action against the Central Public Information Officer or the State Public Information Officer, as the case may be, under the service rules applicable to him.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">===== Chapter VI =====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Miscellaneous</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 21: Protection of action taken in good faith ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall lie against any person for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act or any rule made thereunder.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 22: Act to have overriding effect ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The provisions of this Act shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in the Official Secrets Act, 1923, and any other law for the time being in force or in any instrument having effect by virtue of any law other than this Act.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 23: Bar of jurisdiction of courts ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">No court shall entertain any suit, application or other proceeding in respect of any order made under this Act and no such order shall be called in question otherwise than by way of an appeal under this Act.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 24: Act not to apply to certain organisations ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) Nothing contained in this Act shall apply to the intelligence and security organisations specified in the Second Schedule, being organisations established by the Central Government or any information furnished by such organisations to that Government:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the information pertaining to the allegations of corruption and human rights violations shall not be excluded under this sub-section:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided further that in the case of information sought for is in respect of allegations of violation of human rights, the information shall only be provided after the approval of the Central Information Commission, and notwithstanding anything contained in section 7, such information shall be provided within forty-five days from the date of the receipt of request.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td 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intelligence and security organisation being organisations established by the State Government, as that Government may, from time to time, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify:</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided that the information pertaining to the allegations of corruption and human rights violations shall not be excluded under this sub-section:&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Provided further that in the case of information sought for is in respect of allegations of violation of human rights, the information shall only be provided after the approval of the State Information Commission and, notwithstanding anything contained in section 7, such information shall be provided within forty-five days from the date of the receipt of request.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(5) Every notification issued under sub-section (4) shall be laid before the State Legislature.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 25: Monitoring and Reporting ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) The Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, shall, as soon as practicable after the end of each year, prepare a report on the implementation of the provisions of this Act during that year and forward a copy thereof to the appropriate Government.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(2) Each Ministry or Department shall, in relation to the public authorities within their jurisdiction, collect and provide such information to the Central Information Commission or State Information Commission, as the case may be, as is required to prepare the report under this section and comply with the requirements concerning the furnishing of that information and keeping of records for the purposes of this section.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(3) Each report shall state in respect of the year to which the report 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class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">==== Section 26: Appropriate Government to prepare programmes ====</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) The appropriate Government may, to the extent of availability of financial and other resources,—</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(a) develop and organise educational programmes to advance the understanding of the public, in particular of disadvantaged communities as to how to exercise the rights contemplated under this Act;</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(b) encourage public authorities to participate in the development 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class="diff-addedline">{{indexmenu&gt;act#3}}</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">~~socialite~~</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">[&lt;&gt;]</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 02 Mar 2025 12:27:47 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=rti_act_2005_amended_-english_version.pdf&ns=0&rev=1740918182&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 02 Mar 2025 12:23:02 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=rti_act_2005_amended_-english_version.docx&ns=0&rev=1740918149&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 02 Mar 2025 12:22:29 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/start?rev=1740916833 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2023/04/15 10:31</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== RTI Wiki ======</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== RTI Wiki ======</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">**<strong class="diff-mark">Encyclopedia on Right to&#160;</strong>Information&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">for everyone</strong>**</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**<strong class="diff-mark">Unlock the Power of&#160;</strong>Information<strong class="diff-mark">: Your Right, Your Voice, Your Victory</strong>**</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{:metal-gold-blue-icon.png?nolink&amp;100 |}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{:metal-gold-blue-icon.png?nolink&amp;100 |}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">Welcome to [[about:what-is-rti-wiki|RTI INDIA]] Wiki.The Right to Information Wiki is&#160;</strong>the&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">collaboration&#160;</strong>of&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">knowledgebase collected over time by&#160;</strong>RTI&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">activists and users&#160;</strong>like you<strong class="diff-mark">. The wiki aids every user in learning about&#160;</strong>the Right to Information&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">rules and regulations concerning citizens</strong>&#039;&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">Right&#160;</strong>to&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">Information to securely access information under&#160;</strong>the&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">control of public authorities</strong>. Our&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">endeavour is to promote&#160;</strong>transparency and accountability&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">which is beneficial to&#160;</strong>citizens.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"><strong class="diff-mark"> </strong></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"><strong class="diff-mark">Imagine standing at&#160;</strong>the&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">gates&#160;</strong>of&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">truth while bureaucratic walls try to keep you out. At&#160;</strong>RTI&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">Wiki, we&#039;ve spent a decade demolishing those barriers, empowering ordinary citizens&#160;</strong>like you&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">to challenge&#160;</strong>the&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">powerful through India&#039;s revolutionary&#160;</strong>Right to Information&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">Act. This isn</strong>&#039;<strong class="diff-mark">t just about accessing documents – it&#039;s about reclaiming your democratic power in a system designed&#160;</strong>to&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">keep you in&#160;</strong>the&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">dark</strong>. Our&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">comprehensive, searchable knowledge base transforms complex legal jargon into your weapon for&#160;</strong>transparency<strong class="diff-mark">, turning frustration into action&#160;</strong>and&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">suspicion into evidence. </strong></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"><strong class="diff-mark"> </strong></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"><strong class="diff-mark">The gap between government secrecy and public knowledge narrows with every successful RTI application. When you join our movement, you&#039;re not just asking questions – you&#039;re demanding&#160;</strong>accountability<strong class="diff-mark">, exposing corruption, and fundamentally reshaping India&#039;s democracy. Through our expertly compiled guides, landmark court decisions, and strategic insights gained from thousands of real-world information battles, we&#039;ve created more than a website – we&#039;ve built a revolution where ordinary&#160;</strong>citizens&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">become extraordinary champions of transparency. Because in today&#039;s India, information isn&#039;t just power – it&#039;s justice waiting to be claimed</strong>.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 02 Mar 2025 12:00:33 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/blog/sending-whatsapp-notice-is-valid-in-court?rev=1681615749 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/17 05:20</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 3:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 3:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{tag&gt;HighCourt whatsapp}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{tag&gt;HighCourt whatsapp}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Legal notices sent on phone messaging application WhatsApp will be treated as valid evidence in court. 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The appellant Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (for short ‘ICAI’) is a body corporate established under section 3 of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949. One of the functions of the appellant council is to conduct the examination of candidates for enrolment as Chartered Accountants. The first respondent appeared in the Chartered Accountants’ final examination conducted by ICAI in November, 2007. The results were declared in January 2008. The first respondent who was not successful in the examination applied for verification of marks. The appellant carried out the verification in accordance with the provisions of the Chartered Accountants&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">2. The appellant Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (for short ‘ICAI’) is a body corporate established under section 3 of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949. One of the functions of the appellant council is to conduct the examination of candidates for enrolment as Chartered Accountants. The first respondent appeared in the Chartered Accountants’ final examination conducted by ICAI in November, 2007. The results were declared in January 2008. The first respondent who was not successful in the examination applied for verification of marks. 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The first respondent does not dispute that the appellant is entitled to claim a copyright in regard to the question papers, solutions/model answers, instructions relating to evaluation and therefore the said material constitute intellectual property of the appellant. But he contends that the exemption under section 8(1)(d) will not be available if the information is merely an intellectual property. The exemption under section 8(1)(d) is available only in regard to such intellectual property, the disclosure of which would harm the competitive position of any third party. It was submitted that the appellant has not been able to demonstrate that the disclosure of the said intellectual property (instructions and solutions/model answers) would harm the competitive position of any third party.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">11. The first respondent does not dispute that the appellant is entitled to claim a copyright in regard to the question papers, solutions/model answers, instructions relating to evaluation and therefore the said material constitute intellectual property of the appellant. But he contends that the exemption under section 8(1)(d) will not be available if the information is merely an intellectual property. The exemption under section 8(1)(d) is available only in regard to such intellectual property, the disclosure of which would harm the competitive position of any third party. It was submitted that the appellant has not been able to demonstrate that the disclosure of the said intellectual property (instructions and solutions/model answers) would harm the competitive position of any third party.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">12. Information can be sought under the RTI Act at different stages or different points of time. What is exempted from disclosure at one point of time may cease to be exempted at a later point of time, depending upon the nature of exemption. For example, any information which is exempted from disclosure under section 8, is liable to be disclosed if the application is made in regard to the occurrence or event which took place or occurred or happened twenty years prior to the date of the request, vide section 8(3) of the RTI Act. In other words, information which was exempted from disclosure, if an application is made within twenty years of the occurrence, may not be exempted if the application is made after twenty years. Similarly, if information relating to the intellectual property, that is the question papers, solutions/model answers and instructions, in regard to any particular examination conducted by the appellant cannot be disclosed before the examination is held, as it would harm the competitive position of innumerable third parties who are taking the said examination. Therefore it is obvious that the appellant examining body is not liable to give to any citizen any information relating to question papers, solutions/model answers and instructions relating to a particular examination before the date of such examination. But the position will be different once the examination is held. Disclosure of the question papers, model answers and instructions in regard to any particular examination, would not harm the competitive position of any third party once the examination is held. In fact the question papers are disclosed to everyone at the time of examination. The appellant voluntarily publishes the “suggested answers” in regard to the question papers in the form of a book for sale every year, after the examination. Therefore section 8(1)(d) of the RTI Act does not bar or prohibit the disclosure of question papers, model answers (solutions to questions) and instructions if any given to the examiners and moderators after the examination and after the evaluation of answer scripts is completed, as at that stage they will not harm the competitive position of any third party. We, therefore, reject the contention of the appellant that if an information is exempt at any given point of time, it continues to be exempt for all time to come.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">12. Information can be sought under the RTI Act at different stages or different points of time. What is exempted from disclosure at one point of time may cease to be exempted at a later point of time, depending upon the nature of exemption. For example, any information which is exempted from disclosure under section 8, is liable to be disclosed if the application is made in regard to the occurrence or event which took place or occurred or happened twenty years prior to the date of the request, vide section 8(3) of the RTI Act. In other words, information which was exempted from disclosure, if an application is made within twenty years of the occurrence, may not be exempted if the application is made after twenty years. Similarly, if information relating to the intellectual property, that is the question papers, solutions/model answers and instructions, in regard to any particular examination conducted by the appellant cannot be disclosed before the examination is held, as it would harm the competitive position of innumerable third parties who are taking the said examination. Therefore it is obvious that the appellant examining body is not liable to give to any citizen any information relating to question papers, solutions/model answers and instructions relating to a particular examination before the date of such examination. But the position will be different once the examination is held. Disclosure of the question papers, model answers and instructions in regard to any particular examination, would not harm the competitive position of any third party once the examination is held. In fact the question papers are disclosed to everyone at the time of examination. The appellant voluntarily publishes the “suggested answers” in regard to the question papers in the form of a book for sale every year, after the examination. Therefore section 8(1)(d) of the RTI Act does not bar or prohibit the disclosure of question papers, model answers (solutions to questions) and instructions if any given to the examiners and moderators after the examination and after the evaluation of answer scripts is completed, as at that stage they will not harm the competitive position of any third party. We, therefore, reject the contention of the appellant that if an information is exempt at any given point of time, it continues to be exempt for all time to come.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 237:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 179:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">(ii) To achieve uniformity in valuation, where more than one examiner is involved, a meeting of the Head Examiner with all the examiners is held soon after the examination. They discuss thoroughly the question paper, the possible answers and the weightage to be given to various aspects of the answers. They also carry out a sample valuation in the light of their discussions. The sample valuation of scripts by each of them is reviewed by the Head Examiner and variations in assigning marks are further discussed. After such discussions, a consensus is arrived at in regard to the norms of valuation to be adopted. On that basis, the examiners are required to complete the valuation of answer scripts. But this by itself, does not bring about uniformity of assessment inter se the examiners. In spite of the norms agreed, many examiners tend to deviate from the expected or agreed norms, as their caution is overtaken by their propensity for strictness or liberality or eroticism or carelessness during the course of valuation. Therefore, certain further corrective steps become necessary.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">(ii) To achieve uniformity in valuation, where more than one examiner is involved, a meeting of the Head Examiner with all the examiners is held soon after the examination. They discuss thoroughly the question paper, the possible answers and the weightage to be given to various aspects of the answers. They also carry out a sample valuation in the light of their discussions. The sample valuation of scripts by each of them is reviewed by the Head Examiner and variations in assigning marks are further discussed. After such discussions, a consensus is arrived at in regard to the norms of valuation to be adopted. On that basis, the examiners are required to complete the valuation of answer scripts. But this by itself, does not bring about uniformity of assessment inter se the examiners. In spite of the norms agreed, many examiners tend to deviate from the expected or agreed norms, as their caution is overtaken by their propensity for strictness or liberality or eroticism or carelessness during the course of valuation. Therefore, certain further corrective steps become necessary.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">(iii) After the valuation is completed by the examiners, the Head Examiner conducts a random sample survey of the corrected answer scripts to verify whether the norms evolved in the meetings of examiner have actually been followed by the examiners………..&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">(iii) After the valuation is completed by the examiners, the Head Examiner conducts a random sample survey of the corrected answer scripts to verify whether the norms evolved in the meetings of examiner have actually been followed by the examiners………..&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 277:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 208:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">25. The learned counsel of ICAI submitted that there are several hundred examining bodies in the country. With the aspirations of young citizens to secure seats in institutions of higher learning or to qualify for certain professions or to secure jobs, more and more persons participate in more and more examinations. It is quite common for an examining body to conduct examinations for lakhs of candidates that too more than once per year. Conducting examinations involving preparing the question papers, conducting the examinations at various centres all over the country, getting the answer scripts evaluated and declaring results, is an immense task for examining bodies, to be completed within fixed time schedules. If the examining bodies are required to frequently furnish various kinds of information as sought in this case to several applicants, it will add an enormous work load and their existing staff will not be able to cope up with the additional work involved in furnishing information under the RTI Act. It was submitted by ICAI that it conducts several examinations every year where more than four lakhs candidates participate; that out of them, about 15-16% are successful, which means that more than three and half lakhs of candidates are unsuccessful; that if even one percent at those unsuccessful candidates feel dissatisfied with the results and seek all types of unrelated information, the working of ICAI will come to a standstill. It was submitted that for every meaningful user of RTI Act, there are several abusers who will attempt to disrupt the functioning of the examining bodies by seeking huge quantity of information. ICAI submits that the application by the first respondent is a classic case of improper use of the Act, where a candidate who has failed in an examination and who does not even choose to take the subsequent examination has been engaging ICAI in a prolonged litigation by seeking a bundle of information none of which is relevant to decide whether his answer script was properly evaluated, nor have any bearing on accountability or reducing corruption. ICAI submits that there should be an effective control and screening of applications for information by the competent authorities under the Act. We do not agree that first respondent had indulged in improper use of RTI Act. His application is intended to bring about transparency and accountability in the functioning of ICAI. How far he is entitled to the information is a different issue. Examining bodies like ICAI should change their old mindsets and tune them to the new regime of disclosure of maximum information. Public authorities should realize that in an era of transparency, previous practices of unwarranted secrecy have no longer a place. Accountability and prevention of corruption is possible only through transparency. Attaining transparency no doubt would involve additional work with reference to maintaining records and furnishing information. Parliament has enacted the RTI Act providing access to information, after great debate and deliberations by the Civil Society and the Parliament. In its wisdom, the Parliament has chosen to exempt only certain categories of information from disclosure and certain organizations from the applicability of the Act. As the examining bodies have not been exempted, and as the examination processes of examining bodies have not been exempted, the examining bodies will have to gear themselves to comply with the provisions of the RTI Act. Additional workload is not a defence. If there are practical insurmountable difficulties, it is open to the examining bodies to bring them to the notice of the government for consideration so that any changes to the Act can be deliberated upon. Be that as it may.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">25. The learned counsel of ICAI submitted that there are several hundred examining bodies in the country. With the aspirations of young citizens to secure seats in institutions of higher learning or to qualify for certain professions or to secure jobs, more and more persons participate in more and more examinations. It is quite common for an examining body to conduct examinations for lakhs of candidates that too more than once per year. Conducting examinations involving preparing the question papers, conducting the examinations at various centres all over the country, getting the answer scripts evaluated and declaring results, is an immense task for examining bodies, to be completed within fixed time schedules. If the examining bodies are required to frequently furnish various kinds of information as sought in this case to several applicants, it will add an enormous work load and their existing staff will not be able to cope up with the additional work involved in furnishing information under the RTI Act. It was submitted by ICAI that it conducts several examinations every year where more than four lakhs candidates participate; that out of them, about 15-16% are successful, which means that more than three and half lakhs of candidates are unsuccessful; that if even one percent at those unsuccessful candidates feel dissatisfied with the results and seek all types of unrelated information, the working of ICAI will come to a standstill. It was submitted that for every meaningful user of RTI Act, there are several abusers who will attempt to disrupt the functioning of the examining bodies by seeking huge quantity of information. ICAI submits that the application by the first respondent is a classic case of improper use of the Act, where a candidate who has failed in an examination and who does not even choose to take the subsequent examination has been engaging ICAI in a prolonged litigation by seeking a bundle of information none of which is relevant to decide whether his answer script was properly evaluated, nor have any bearing on accountability or reducing corruption. ICAI submits that there should be an effective control and screening of applications for information by the competent authorities under the Act. We do not agree that first respondent had indulged in improper use of RTI Act. His application is intended to bring about transparency and accountability in the functioning of ICAI. How far he is entitled to the information is a different issue. Examining bodies like ICAI should change their old mindsets and tune them to the new regime of disclosure of maximum information. Public authorities should realize that in an era of transparency, previous practices of unwarranted secrecy have no longer a place. Accountability and prevention of corruption is possible only through transparency. Attaining transparency no doubt would involve additional work with reference to maintaining records and furnishing information. Parliament has enacted the RTI Act providing access to information, after great debate and deliberations by the Civil Society and the Parliament. In its wisdom, the Parliament has chosen to exempt only certain categories of information from disclosure and certain organizations from the applicability of the Act. As the examining bodies have not been exempted, and as the examination processes of examining bodies have not been exempted, the examining bodies will have to gear themselves to comply with the provisions of the RTI Act. Additional workload is not a defence. If there are practical insurmountable difficulties, it is open to the examining bodies to bring them to the notice of the government for consideration so that any changes to the Act can be deliberated upon. Be that as it may.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">26. We however agree that it is necessary to make a distinction in regard to information intended to bring transparency, to improve accountability and to reduce corruption, falling under section 4(1)(b) and (c) and other information which may not have a bearing on accountability or reducing corruption. The competent authorities under the RTI Act will have to maintain a proper balance so that while achieving transparency, the demand for information does not reach unmanageable proportions affecting other public interests, which include efficient operation of public authorities and government, preservation of confidentiality of sensitive information and optimum use of limited fiscal resources.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">26. We however agree that it is necessary to make a distinction in regard to information intended to bring transparency, to improve accountability and to reduce corruption, falling under section 4(1)(b) and (c) and other information which may not have a bearing on accountability or reducing corruption. The competent authorities under the RTI Act will have to maintain a proper balance so that while achieving transparency, the demand for information does not reach unmanageable proportions affecting other public interests, which include efficient operation of public authorities and government, preservation of confidentiality of sensitive information and optimum use of limited fiscal resources.&#160;</td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 11:55:47 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/important-decisions/thalappalam-coop-vs-state-of-kerala?rev=1681559687 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2020/02/16 14:55</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 2:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 2:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{like&gt;}}{{tag&gt;Supreme Court, Cooperative Housing Society}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{like&gt;}}{{tag&gt;Supreme Court, Cooperative Housing Society}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout-key=&quot;-6s+ed+2i-1n-4w&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;6792451866&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">CIVIL APPEAL NO. 9017 OF 2013&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">CIVIL APPEAL NO. 9017 OF 2013&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">(Arising out of SLP (C) No.24290 of 2012) Thalappalam Ser. Coop. BankLtd. and others Appellants Versus State of Kerala and others Respondents WITH&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">(Arising out of SLP (C) No.24290 of 2012) Thalappalam Ser. Coop. BankLtd. and others Appellants Versus State of Kerala and others Respondents WITH&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 31:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 20:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Section 2(h) of the RTI Act is a question of fact, which will depend upon the question whether it is substantially financed, directly or indirectly, by the funds provided by the State Government which, the Court held, has to be decided depending upon the facts situation of each case.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Section 2(h) of the RTI Act is a question of fact, which will depend upon the question whether it is substantially financed, directly or indirectly, by the funds provided by the State Government which, the Court held, has to be decided depending upon the facts situation of each case.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">4. Mr. K. Padmanabhan Nair, learned senior counsel appearing for some of the societies submitted that the views expressed by the Division Bench in Thalapalam Service Co-operative Bank Ltd. (supra) is the correct view, which calls for our approval. Learned senior counsel took us through the various provisions of the Societies Act as well as of the RTI Act and submitted that the societies are autonomous bodies and merely because the officers functioning under the Societies Act have got supervisory control over the societies will not make the societies public authorities within the meaning of Section 2(h) of the RTI Act. Learned senior counsel also submitted that these societies are not owned, controlled or substantially financed, directly or indirectly, by the State Government. Learned senior&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">4. Mr. K. Padmanabhan Nair, learned senior counsel appearing for some of the societies submitted that the views expressed by the Division Bench in Thalapalam Service Co-operative Bank Ltd. (supra) is the correct view, which calls for our approval. Learned senior counsel took us through the various provisions of the Societies Act as well as of the RTI Act and submitted that the societies are autonomous bodies and merely because the officers functioning under the Societies Act have got supervisory control over the societies will not make the societies public authorities within the meaning of Section 2(h) of the RTI Act. Learned senior counsel also submitted that these societies are not owned, controlled or substantially financed, directly or indirectly, by the State Government. Learned senior&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 58:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 36:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">the definition of Section 2(h), it can appoint an Information Officer under the RTI Act or else the State Information Commissioner will decide when the matter reaches before him, after examining the question whether the Society is substantially financed, directly or indirectly, by the funds provided by the State Government. The Division Bench, therefore, held that the question whether the Society is a public authority or not under Section 2(h) is a disputed question of fact which has to be resolved by the authorities under the RTI Act.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">the definition of Section 2(h), it can appoint an Information Officer under the RTI Act or else the State Information Commissioner will decide when the matter reaches before him, after examining the question whether the Society is substantially financed, directly or indirectly, by the funds provided by the State Government. The Division Bench, therefore, held that the question whether the Society is a public authority or not under Section 2(h) is a disputed question of fact which has to be resolved by the authorities under the RTI Act.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">8. Writ Appeal No.1688 of 2009 later came up before another Division Bench, the Bench expressed some reservations about the views expressed by the earlier Division Bench in Writ Appeal No.1417 of 2009 and vide its order dated 24.3.2011 referred the matter to a Full Bench, to examine the question whether co-operative societies registered under the Societies Act are generally covered under the definition of Section 2(h) of the RTI Act. The Full Bench answered the question in the affirmative giving a&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">8. Writ Appeal No.1688 of 2009 later came up before another Division Bench, the Bench expressed some reservations about the views expressed by the earlier Division Bench in Writ Appeal No.1417 of 2009 and vide its order dated 24.3.2011 referred the matter to a Full Bench, to examine the question whether co-operative societies registered under the Societies Act are generally covered under the definition of Section 2(h) of the RTI Act. The Full Bench answered the question in the affirmative giving a&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 124:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 91:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">“10………It seems to us that before an institution can be a statutory body it must be created by or under the statute and owe its existence to a statute. This must be the primary thing which has got to be established. Here a distinction must be made between an institution which is not created by or under a statute but is governed by certain statutory provisions for the proper maintenance and administration of the institution. There have been a number of institutions which though not created by or under any statute have adopted certain statutory provisions, but that by itself is not, in our opinion, sufficient to clothe the institution with a statutory character……….”&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">“10………It seems to us that before an institution can be a statutory body it must be created by or under the statute and owe its existence to a statute. This must be the primary thing which has got to be established. Here a distinction must be made between an institution which is not created by or under a statute but is governed by certain statutory provisions for the proper maintenance and administration of the institution. There have been a number of institutions which though not created by or under any statute have adopted certain statutory provisions, but that by itself is not, in our opinion, sufficient to clothe the institution with a statutory character……….”&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">15. We can, therefore, draw a clear distinction between a body which is created by a Statute and a body which, after having come into existence, is governed in accordance with the provisions of a Statute. Societies, with which we are concerned, fall under the latter category that is governed by the Societies Act and are not statutory bodies, but only body corporate within the meaning of Section 9 of the Kerala Cooperative Societies Act having perpetual succession and common seal and hence have the power to hold property, enter into contract, institute and defend suits and other legal proceedings and to do all things necessary for the purpose, for which it was constituted. Section 27 of the Societies Act categorically states that the final authority of a society vests in the general body of its members and every society is managed by the managing committee constituted in terms of the bye-laws as provided under Section 28 of the Societies Act. Final authority so far as such types of Societies are concerned, as Statute says, is the general body and not the Registrar of Cooperative Societies or State Government.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">15. We can, therefore, draw a clear distinction between a body which is created by a Statute and a body which, after having come into existence, is governed in accordance with the provisions of a Statute. Societies, with which we are concerned, fall under the latter category that is governed by the Societies Act and are not statutory bodies, but only body corporate within the meaning of Section 9 of the Kerala Cooperative Societies Act having perpetual succession and common seal and hence have the power to hold property, enter into contract, institute and defend suits and other legal proceedings and to do all things necessary for the purpose, for which it was constituted. Section 27 of the Societies Act categorically states that the final authority of a society vests in the general body of its members and every society is managed by the managing committee constituted in terms of the bye-laws as provided under Section 28 of the Societies Act. Final authority so far as such types of Societies are concerned, as Statute says, is the general body and not the Registrar of Cooperative Societies or State Government.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">16. This Court in Federal Bank Ltd. v. Sagar Thomas&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">16. This Court in Federal Bank Ltd. v. Sagar Thomas&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">and Others (2003) 10 SCC 733, held as follows:&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">and Others (2003) 10 SCC 733, held as follows:&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 194:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 150:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">25.&#160; Every public authority is also obliged to maintain all its record duly catalogued and indexed in a manner and the form which facilitates the right to information under this Act and ensure that all records that are appropriate to be computerized are, within a reasonable time and subject to availability of resources, computerized and connected through a network all over the country on different systems so that access to such record is facilitated. Public authority has also to carry out certain other functions also, as provided under the Act.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">25.&#160; Every public authority is also obliged to maintain all its record duly catalogued and indexed in a manner and the form which facilitates the right to information under this Act and ensure that all records that are appropriate to be computerized are, within a reasonable time and subject to availability of resources, computerized and connected through a network all over the country on different systems so that access to such record is facilitated. 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Exemption from disclosure of information – (1) Notwithstanding anythingcontained in this Act, there shall be no obligationto give any citizen –&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">“8. 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">As has been observed in the above case, the Central Information Commission has been assigned somewhat a unique role under the Right to Information Act, 2005.&#160; The Commission is the last court of appeal, has the exclusive power to impose penalties on defaulting Public Information Officers, and also has a role of superintendence and direction of the information regime.&#160; It can direct public authorities to take specific actions to promote the Right to Information.&#160; Given these facts, to argue that the power of review does not inhere in the nature of the CIC, itself would give scope to recurring miscarriage of justice wherever the CIC may be in error.&#160; The power to correct through review, therefore, **is germane to promoting justice and to preventing its miscarriage**.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">As has been observed in the above case, the Central Information Commission has been assigned somewhat a unique role under the Right to Information Act, 2005.&#160; The Commission is the last court of appeal, has the exclusive power to impose penalties on defaulting Public Information Officers, and also has a role of superintendence and direction of the information regime.&#160; It can direct public authorities to take specific actions to promote the Right to Information.&#160; Given these facts, to argue that the power of review does not inhere in the nature of the CIC, itself would give scope to recurring miscarriage of justice wherever the CIC may be in error.&#160; 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&#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block&quot;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout-key=&quot;-6s+ed+2i-1n-4w&quot;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;6792451866&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&lt;script&gt;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&lt;/script&gt;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&lt;/html&gt;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{:gavel-law-icon.png?nolink |}}This segment contains decisions of various courts which are relevant to Right to Information. 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== More Reading =====</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== More Reading =====</td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 11:44:20 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/guide/applicant/application/information-free-of-cost?rev=1681558932 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/12/27 12:57</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 3:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 3:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">**30 days after request:** Normally, the Public Information Officer (PIO), who received RTI Request shall decide it and supply information to the applicant within 30 days from receipt of RTI request. If further document charges are involved, PIO shall intimate the details of such further charges along with its calculation to the Applicant. Intervening period from the date of decision of PIO and date of actual remittance of document charges by Applicant shall not be counted for the purpose of calculating 30 days for supply of information. In case the public authority did not supply information to the Applicant within 30 days limit, the applicant is entitled to receive information free of cost thereafter.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">**30 days after request:** Normally, the Public Information Officer (PIO), who received RTI Request shall decide it and supply information to the applicant within 30 days from receipt of RTI request. If further document charges are involved, PIO shall intimate the details of such further charges along with its calculation to the Applicant. Intervening period from the date of decision of PIO and date of actual remittance of document charges by Applicant shall not be counted for the purpose of calculating 30 days for supply of information. 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While doing so, he should give the reasons for the decision, including any findings on any material question of fact, referring to the material on which those findings were based. 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Also each page in the file must be numbered. Three dates &amp; timings should be intimated to the applicant before he is called. If these dates are not convenient to the applicant, he should be asked to get in touch with the Public Information Officer. The file numbers of the files in which the information requested by the applicant is available, should be intimated.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">In cases where the applicant has applied for inspection of the documents or the information he has requested is voluminous, an index of all the documents should be prepared before he is called for inspection of the documents. Also each page in the file must be numbered. Three dates &amp; timings should be intimated to the applicant before he is called. If these dates are not convenient to the applicant, he should be asked to get in touch with the Public Information Officer. 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Therefore, Section 6, in a sense, is wider in its ambit than Section 3. (Observed by Supreme Court of India: {{:important-decisions:court:cic-vs-state_of_manipur.pdf|CIC .Vs. State of Manipur}}) RTI Act does not define PERSON. However, The General Clauses Act, 1897 defines PERSON as Person&quot; shall include any company or association or body of individuals, whether incorporated or not, &quot;Political Agent&quot; shall mean- In relation to any territory outside India, the Principal Officer, by whatever name called, representing the Central Government in such territory, and in relation to any territory within India to which the Act or Regulation containing the expression does not extend, any officer appointed by the Central Government to exercise all or any of the powers of a Political Agent under that Act or Regulation.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">It is quite interesting to note that even though under Section 3 of the Act right of all citizens, to receive information, is statutorily recognised but Section 6 gives the said right to any person. Therefore, Section 6, in a sense, is wider in its ambit than Section 3. (Observed by Supreme Court of India: {{:important-decisions:court:cic-vs-state_of_manipur.pdf|CIC .Vs. State of Manipur}}) RTI Act does not define PERSON. 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It does not lie in the mouth of the Department to say that it is an inanimate or impersonal entity and responsibility and liability should be fixed only on its officers.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout-key=&quot;-ho+2-b-g+21&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;6380931599&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">The Department must make good the loss suffered by a citizen by non-discharging of their duties by the Department&#039;s recalcitrant and indolent officers and, thereafter the Department is at liberty to take appropriate steps against its erring officers and bring them to books. 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Section 6(3) provides that where an application is made to a public authority requesting for any information which is held by another public authority or the subject matter of which is more closely connected with the functions of another public authority, the public authority to which such application is made,shall transfer the application to that other public authority. A careful reading of the provisions of sub-section (1) and sub-section(3) of Section 6, suggests that the Act requires an information seeker to address the application to the PlO of the &#039;**concerned public authority**&#039;. However, there may be cases in which a person of ordinary prudence may believe that the piece of information sought by him/her would be available with the public authority to which he/she has addressed the application, but is actually held by some another public authority. In such cases, the applicant makes a bonafide mistake of addressing the application to the PlO of a wrong public authority. On the other hand where an applicant addresses the application to the PlO of a public authority, which to a person of ordinary prudence, would not appear to be the&#039; concern of that public authority, the applicant does not fulfill his responsibility of addressing the application to the &#039;concerned public authority&#039;.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#039;Section 6( 1) of the RTI Act, 2005 provides that a person who desires to obtain any in formation shall make a request to the public information officer (PlO) of the concerned public authority. Section 6(3) provides that where an application is made to a public authority requesting for any information which is held by another public authority or the subject matter of which is more closely connected with the functions of another public authority, the public authority to which such application is made,shall transfer the application to that other public authority. A careful reading of the provisions of sub-section (1) and sub-section(3) of Section 6, suggests that the Act requires an information seeker to address the application to the PlO of the &#039;**concerned public authority**&#039;. However, there may be cases in which a person of ordinary prudence may believe that the piece of information sought by him/her would be available with the public authority to which he/she has addressed the application, but is actually held by some another public authority. In such cases, the applicant makes a bonafide mistake of addressing the application to the PlO of a wrong public authority. On the other hand where an applicant addresses the application to the PlO of a public authority, which to a person of ordinary prudence, would not appear to be the&#039; concern of that public authority, the applicant does not fulfill his responsibility of addressing the application to the &#039;concerned public authority&#039;.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 49:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 38:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">==== Scenario III: No Information is available but the information is scattered ====</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">==== Scenario III: No Information is available but the information is scattered ====</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">If no part of the information sought, is available with it but is scattered with more than one other public authorities, the PlO should inform the applicant that information is not available with the public authority and that the applicant should make separate applications to the concerned public authorities for obtaining information from them. It may be noted that the Act requires the supply of such information only which already exists and is held by the public authority or held under the control of the public authority. It is beyond the scope of the Act for a public authority to create information. Collection of information, parts of which are available with different public authorities, would amount to creation of information which a public authority under the Act is not required&#160; to do. At the same time, since the information is not related to anyone particular public authority, it is not the case where application should be transferred under sub-section (3) of Section 6 of the Act. 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Collection of information, parts of which are available with different public authorities, would amount to creation of information which a public authority under the Act is not required&#160; to do. At the same time, since the information is not related to anyone particular public authority, it is not the case where application should be transferred under sub-section (3) of Section 6 of the Act. 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CPIO W. P. (C) 6614/2008 and C. M. Appl. No. 12685/2008, W. P. (C) 8999/2008 and C. M. Appl. No. 7517/2008, W. P. (C) 8407/2009 and C. M. Appl. 5286/2009 decided on 30/07/2010//**, in Paragraph 21, which are as follows:</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">In this regard, it may be worthwhile to note the observations of **//Muralidhar, J. of the High Court of Delhi in Arvind Kejriwal v. CPIO W. P. (C) 6614/2008 and C. M. Appl. No. 12685/2008, W. P. (C) 8999/2008 and C. M. Appl. No. 7517/2008, W. P. (C) 8407/2009 and C. M. 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It is obvious then that those who are public servants cannot claim exemption from disclosure of charges against them or details of their assets. Given our dismal record of mis-governance and rampant corruption which colludes to deny citizens their essential rights and dignity, it is in the fitness of things that the citizen&#039;s right to information is given greater primacy with regard to privacy.&quot;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&quot;The Supreme Court of India has ruled that citizens have a right to know about charges against candidates for elections as well as details of their assets, since they desire to offer themselves for public service. It is obvious then that those who are public servants cannot claim exemption from disclosure of charges against them or details of their assets. 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&#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout-key=&quot;-gu-18+5g-2f-83&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;4321988277&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{indexmenu&gt;:explanations#1}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{indexmenu&gt;:explanations#1}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 11:08:47 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/explanations/suo-moto-disclosure-under-rti?rev=1681556865 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/02/05 04:52</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 24:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 24:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">==== RTI Applications ====</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">==== RTI Applications ====</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&lt;html&gt;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot;</td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&#160; 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{indexmenu&gt;:explanations#1}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{indexmenu&gt;:explanations#1}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 11:06:43 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/explanations/severability?rev=1681556744 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/03 10:12</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 7:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 7:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== Interpretation =====</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== Interpretation =====</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; 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But so far as refund of fees is concerned, it is a mater to be decided by the Civil Court of Competent jurisdiction under Code of Civil Procedure, 1907.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"><strong class="diff-mark"> </strong></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"><strong class="diff-mark">Commissioner&#160;</strong>has been clothed with powers of the Civil Court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, in respect of summoning and enforcing the attendance of persons and compel them to give oral and written evidence or oath, requiring the discovery and inspection of documents; receiving evidence on affidavit; requisitioning any public record or copies thereof from any court or office. But so far as refund of fees is concerned, it is a mater to be decided by the Civil Court of Competent jurisdiction under Code of Civil Procedure, 1907.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">State Chief Information· Commissioner has no power, jurisdiction and authority under the Act,f005, to pass an order of refund of the fees.&quot;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">State Chief Information· Commissioner has no power, jurisdiction and authority under the Act,f005, to pass an order of refund of the fees.&quot;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 11:04:58 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/explanations/public-interest?rev=1681556677 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/03 05:39</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 13:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 13:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">The terms public interest has to be interpreted as “Redressing public injury, enforcing public duty, protecting social, collective, ‘diffused’ rights and interests vindicate public interest… [in the enforcement of which] the public or a class of the community have pecuniary interest or some interest by which their legal rights or liabilities are affected.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">The terms public interest has to be interpreted as “Redressing public injury, enforcing public duty, protecting social, collective, ‘diffused’ rights and interests vindicate public interest… [in the enforcement of which] the public or a class of the community have pecuniary interest or some interest by which their legal rights or liabilities are affected.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 47:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 36:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">The judgment of&#160; 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The factors to decide the public interest immunity would include (a) where the contents of the documents are relied upon, the interests affected by their disclosure; (b) where the class of documents is invoked, whether the public interest immunity for the class is said to protect; (c) the extent to which the interests referred to have become attenuated by the passage of time or the occurrence of intervening events since the matters contained in the documents themselves came into existence; (d) the seriousness of the issues in relation to which production is sought; (e) the likelihood that production of the documents will affect the outcome of the case; (f) the likelihood of injustice if the&#160; documents are not produced...”//</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">//54. 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There, they can be seen by research scholars.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout-key=&quot;-ho+2-b-g+21&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;6380931599&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Loss of records that are required to be kept and maintained permanently, if considered as evidence in a case, its missing should invite criminal complaint against officials under sections 201 of IPC (punishable with imprisonment which is directly proportional to the seriousness of the offence charged from 7 years to 10 years and for life).</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Loss of records that are required to be kept and maintained permanently, if considered as evidence in a case, its missing should invite criminal complaint against officials under sections 201 of IPC (punishable with imprisonment which is directly proportional to the seriousness of the offence charged from 7 years to 10 years and for life).</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 76:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 54:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">6. This can hardly be disputed that if certain information is available with a public authority, that information must necessarily be shared with the applicant under the Act unless such information is exempted from disclosure under one or more provisions of the Act. It is not uncommon in the government departments to evade disclosure of the information taking the standard plea that the information sought by the applicant is not available. **Ordinarily, the information which at some point of time or the other was available in the records of the government, should continue to be available with the concerned department unless it has been destroyed in accordance with the rules framed by that department for destruction of old record. Therefore, whenever an information is sought and it is not readily available, a thorough attempt needs to be made to search and locate the information wherever it may be available. It is only in a case where despite a thorough search and inquiry made by the responsible officer, it is concluded that the information sought by the applicant cannot be traced or was never available with the government or has been destroyed in accordance with the rules of the concerned department that the CPIO/PIO would be justified in expressing his inability to provide the desired information. Even in the case where it is found that the desired information though available in the record of the government at some point of time, cannot be traced despite best efforts made in this regard, the department concerned must necessarily fix the responsibility for the loss of the record and take appropriate departmental action against the officers/officials responsible for loss of the record.** Unless such a course of action is adopted, it would be possible for any department/office, to deny the information which otherwise is not exempted from disclosure, wherever the said department/office finds it inconvenient to bring such information into public domain, and that in turn, would necessarily defeat the very objective behind enactment of the Right to Information Act.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">6. This can hardly be disputed that if certain information is available with a public authority, that information must necessarily be shared with the applicant under the Act unless such information is exempted from disclosure under one or more provisions of the Act. It is not uncommon in the government departments to evade disclosure of the information taking the standard plea that the information sought by the applicant is not available. **Ordinarily, the information which at some point of time or the other was available in the records of the government, should continue to be available with the concerned department unless it has been destroyed in accordance with the rules framed by that department for destruction of old record. Therefore, whenever an information is sought and it is not readily available, a thorough attempt needs to be made to search and locate the information wherever it may be available. It is only in a case where despite a thorough search and inquiry made by the responsible officer, it is concluded that the information sought by the applicant cannot be traced or was never available with the government or has been destroyed in accordance with the rules of the concerned department that the CPIO/PIO would be justified in expressing his inability to provide the desired information. Even in the case where it is found that the desired information though available in the record of the government at some point of time, cannot be traced despite best efforts made in this regard, the department concerned must necessarily fix the responsibility for the loss of the record and take appropriate departmental action against the officers/officials responsible for loss of the record.** Unless such a course of action is adopted, it would be possible for any department/office, to deny the information which otherwise is not exempted from disclosure, wherever the said department/office finds it inconvenient to bring such information into public domain, and that in turn, would necessarily defeat the very objective behind enactment of the Right to Information Act.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">7. Since the Commission has the power **to direct disclosure of information provided, it is not exempted from such disclosure, it would also** have the jurisdiction to direct an inquiry into the matter wherever it is claimed by the PIO/CPIO that the information sought by the applicant is not traceable/readily traceable/currently traceable. Even in a case where the PIO/CPIO takes a plea that the information sought by the applicant was never available with the government but, the Commission on the basis of the material available to it forms a prima facie opinion that the said information was in fact available with the government, it would be justified in directing an inquiry by a responsible officer of the department/office concerned, to again look into the matter rather deeply and verify whether such an information was actually available in the records of the government at some point of time or not. After all, it is quite possible that the required information may be located if a thorough search is made in which event, it could be possible to supply it to the applicant. Fear of disciplinary action, against the person responsible for loss of the information, will also work as a deterrence against the wilful suppression of the information, by vested interests. It would also be open to the Commission, to make an inquiry itself instead of directing an inquiry by the department/office concerned. Whether in a particular case, an inquiry ought to be made by the Commission or by the officer of the department/office concerned is a matter to be decided by the Commission in the facts and circumstances of each such case.”</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">7. Since the Commission has the power **to direct disclosure of information provided, it is not exempted from such disclosure, it would also** have the jurisdiction to direct an inquiry into the matter wherever it is claimed by the PIO/CPIO that the information sought by the applicant is not traceable/readily traceable/currently traceable. Even in a case where the PIO/CPIO takes a plea that the information sought by the applicant was never available with the government but, the Commission on the basis of the material available to it forms a prima facie opinion that the said information was in fact available with the government, it would be justified in directing an inquiry by a responsible officer of the department/office concerned, to again look into the matter rather deeply and verify whether such an information was actually available in the records of the government at some point of time or not. After all, it is quite possible that the required information may be located if a thorough search is made in which event, it could be possible to supply it to the applicant. Fear of disciplinary action, against the person responsible for loss of the information, will also work as a deterrence against the wilful suppression of the information, by vested interests. It would also be open to the Commission, to make an inquiry itself instead of directing an inquiry by the department/office concerned. Whether in a particular case, an inquiry ought to be made by the Commission or by the officer of the department/office concerned is a matter to be decided by the Commission in the facts and circumstances of each such case.”</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 10:58:51 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/explanations/justification-for-denial-under-rti?rev=1681556297 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/03 05:37</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 2:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 2:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{like&gt;}} {{tag&gt;CIC,denial of information, decisions,}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{like&gt;}} {{tag&gt;CIC,denial of information, decisions,}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== Central Information Commission Decisions =====</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== Central Information Commission Decisions =====</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; - Quoting provisions of Section 8 of the RTI Act ad libitum to deny the information requested for, by CPIOs/Appellate Authorities without giving any justification or grounds as to how these provisions are applicable is simply unacceptable and clearly amounts to malafide denial of legitimate information attracting penalties under section 20(1) of the Act.(({{ :explanations:decision_07072006_1.pdf |CIC/OK/A/2006/00163 dated 7 July, 2006}}))</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; - Quoting provisions of Section 8 of the RTI Act ad libitum to deny the information requested for, by CPIOs/Appellate Authorities without giving any justification or grounds as to how these provisions are applicable is simply unacceptable and clearly amounts to malafide denial of legitimate information attracting penalties under section 20(1) of the Act.(({{ :explanations:decision_07072006_1.pdf |CIC/OK/A/2006/00163 dated 7 July, 2006}}))</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 20:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 9:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== Court Decisions =====</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== Court Decisions =====</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; - “6. This Court is inclined to concur with the view expressed by the CIC that in W.P. (Civil) 12428/2009 order to deny the information under the RTI Act the authority concerned would have to show a justification with reference to one of the specific clauses under Section 8 (1) of the RTI Act. In the instant case ………….”(({{ :explanations:delhi_high_court.pdf |Hon’ble HIGH COURT OF DELHI in W. P.&#160; (C) 12428/2009 &amp; CM APPL 12874/2009 DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF POLICE versus D.K.SHARMA –Judgement dated 15-12-2010}}))&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; - “6. This Court is inclined to concur with the view expressed by the CIC that in W.P. (Civil) 12428/2009 order to deny the information under the RTI Act the authority concerned would have to show a justification with reference to one of the specific clauses under Section 8 (1) of the RTI Act. In the instant case ………….”(({{ :explanations:delhi_high_court.pdf |Hon’ble HIGH COURT OF DELHI in W. P.&#160; (C) 12428/2009 &amp; CM APPL 12874/2009 DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF POLICE versus D.K.SHARMA –Judgement dated 15-12-2010}}))&#160;</td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 10:58:17 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/explanations/investigation-under-rti?rev=1681556273 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/03 05:37</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 6:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 6:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">“While in criminal law, an investigation can be said to be completed with the filing of charge sheet in the appropriate court by an investigating agency, in cases of vigilance related inquiries, misconduct and disciplinary matters, the investigation can be said to be over only when the competent authority makes a determination about the culpability or otherwise of the person or persons investigated against. In that sense, the word ‘investigation’ used in Section 8(1)(h) should be construed rather broadly and should include all inquiries, verification of records, assessments and so on which may be ordered in specific cases. In all such matters, the inquiry or investigation should be taken as completed only after the competent authority makes a prima facie determination about the presence or absence of guilt on receipt of the investigation/inquiry report from the investigation/inquiry officer”.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">“While in criminal law, an investigation can be said to be completed with the filing of charge sheet in the appropriate court by an investigating agency, in cases of vigilance related inquiries, misconduct and disciplinary matters, the investigation can be said to be over only when the competent authority makes a determination about the culpability or otherwise of the person or persons investigated against. In that sense, the word ‘investigation’ used in Section 8(1)(h) should be construed rather broadly and should include all inquiries, verification of records, assessments and so on which may be ordered in specific cases. In all such matters, the inquiry or investigation should be taken as completed only after the competent authority makes a prima facie determination about the presence or absence of guilt on receipt of the investigation/inquiry report from the investigation/inquiry officer”.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;9529004960&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Read the [[act:|RTI Act]] 2005 here</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Read the [[act:|RTI Act]] 2005 here</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 10:57:53 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/explanations/information?rev=1681556251 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/03 05:37</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 11:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 11:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">– records, documents, memos, emails, opinions, advices, reports, samples, models - are **merely meant to illustrate** the broad scope. Clearly, file-noting is opinion and hence covered in the ambit of the Act. Legal or other opinions obtained by Public authority or various reports received by them are all covered.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">– records, documents, memos, emails, opinions, advices, reports, samples, models - are **merely meant to illustrate** the broad scope. Clearly, file-noting is opinion and hence covered in the ambit of the Act. Legal or other opinions obtained by Public authority or various reports received by them are all covered.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;6177570391&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Here, it suggests an important principle regarding private bodies. Information relating to any private body, which may not be covered by the definition of ‘Public Authority’ (given in Section 2 h), can be obtained through a public authority if the law allows&#160; the public authority to access it.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Here, it suggests an important principle regarding private bodies. 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And yet it must extend beyond information already held (or supposed to be held) by the public authority. It covers information which an authority may at any time (i.e. not just in special cases covered by an investigation) ask for from a private body. E.g. a broadcast regulator might have the power to ask a broadcaster for its ownership structure, not because it is investigating but just to check.))</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">There is some ambiguity on the term&#160; ‘accessed’.&#160; It may mean any information which the authority can ask for under various provisions or the information which the authority is usually supposed to acquire under the law.&#160; There&#160; is an additional view at this juncture.((8 Mendel, Toby (personal communication, May 13, 2016) contends that it cannot extend to any information which an investigatory authority (e.g. the police) might in pursuance of an investigation ask for. And yet it must extend beyond information already held (or supposed to be held) by the public authority. It covers information which an authority may at any time (i.e. not just in special cases covered by an investigation) ask for from a private body. E.g. a broadcast regulator might have the power to ask a broadcaster for its ownership structure, not because it is investigating but just to check.))</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;6177570391&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">As an example: The Labour office requires certain information to be submitted at certain intervals – this is ‘Information’ as defined by the Act, and hence can be accessed. However, the labour office during an inspection or investigation, can access virtually all the records of an organisation which otherwise would not be done.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">As an example: The Labour office requires certain information to be submitted at certain intervals – this is ‘Information’ as defined by the Act, and hence can be accessed. However, the labour office during an inspection or investigation, can access virtually all the records of an organisation which otherwise would not be done.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 73:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 40:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">However, all information with the Public authority is certainly information covered by the Right to Information Act. The Public authority holds the information on behalf of citizens. 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This cannot be tenable. **RTI is not Right to&#160; Interrogat**. The information has to exist in the material form.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Often, some Right to Information Act users expect an explanation or answer even if there is nothing on records available. This cannot be tenable. **RTI is not Right to&#160; Interrogat**. The information has to exist in the material form.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 90:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 46:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Often officials refuse to give information when a Right to Information request is framed as a question. This position has no basis in the law.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Often officials refuse to give information when a Right to Information request is framed as a question. This position has no basis in the law.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">As an example, if an applicant asks: “What is the name of the Head of the Department?” or “What is the expenditure incurred on medical expenses in 2014 by the Organisation?” This is information available on record. 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and denying it an exception. The constitutional basis for this is that Right to Information has been considered to be inherent to Article 19(1)(a). Hence, the denial also has to be as per the limits laid down by Article 19(2) which states:” (2) nothing in sub clause (a) of clause (1) shall affect the operation of any existing law,&#160; or&#160; prevent&#160; the&#160; State&#160; from making any law, in so far as such law imposes reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said sub clause in the interests of the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality or in relation to contempt of court, defamation or incitement to an offence”</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">It must be clearly understood that giving information to the citizens must be the rule;&#160; and denying it an exception. The constitutional basis for this is that Right to Information has been considered to be inherent to Article 19(1)(a). Hence, the denial also has to be as per the limits laid down by Article 19(2) which states:” (2) nothing in sub clause (a) of clause (1) shall affect the operation of any existing law,&#160; or&#160; prevent&#160; the&#160; State&#160; from making any law, in so far as such law imposes reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said sub clause in the interests of the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality or in relation to contempt of court, defamation or incitement to an offence”</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block; text-align:center;&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout=&quot;in-article&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;6177570391&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">**Grounds of Rejection of RTI**&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">**Grounds of Rejection of RTI**&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 30:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 19:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; * If the form in which the applicant has asked for information would require too much time of the Public authority, it may offer it in another format. 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Denial can only be justified on the basis of Sections 8 and 9 of the Act. The only exception to this is if giving any information would violate the provisions of the Constitution,&#160; in which case, the request for information, can be denied.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Section 7(9) cannot be a ground for denial of information, which is available on records. Denial can only be justified on the basis of Sections 8 and 9 of the Act. The only exception to this is if giving any information would violate the provisions of the Constitution,&#160; in which case, the request for information, can be denied.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">There may be certain rare instances in which providing information sought by an applicant could bring a work by the public authorities to a halt. In such a case, Section 7(9) may be used to deny information. For example, if someone sought information that is spread over fifty offices which is not available in a collated form, a PIO could say that even providing an inspection may disproportionately divert the resources of the public authority. 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&#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:inline-block;width:300px;height:250px&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;4562457588&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&lt;/WRAP&gt;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&lt;/WRAP&gt;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&lt;/WRAP&gt;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&lt;/WRAP&gt;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Privacy is to do with matters within a home, a&#160; person’s body,&#160; sexual preferences etc.&#160; This&#160; is&#160; in&#160; line&#160; with&#160; Article 19&#160; (2)&#160; which&#160; mentions&#160; placing&#160; restrictions&#160; on&#160; Article&#160; 19</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Privacy is to do with matters within a home, a&#160; person’s body,&#160; sexual preferences etc.&#160; This&#160; is&#160; in&#160; line&#160; with&#160; Article 19&#160; (2)&#160; which&#160; mentions&#160; placing&#160; restrictions&#160; on&#160; Article&#160; 19</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">(1) (a) in the interest of&#160; ‘decency or morality’.&#160; There&#160; is an additional view at this juncture.38 If, however, it is felt&#160; that the information is not the result of any public activity,&#160; or disclosing it would be an unwarranted invasion on the privacy of an individual, before denying information it must be subjected to the acid test of the proviso: Provided that&#160; the information, which cannot be denied to the Parliament&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">&#160;</strong>or a State Legislature shall not be denied to any person.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">(1) (a) in the interest of&#160; ‘decency or morality’.&#160; There&#160; is an additional view at this juncture.38 If, however, it is felt&#160; that the information is not the result of any public activity,&#160; or disclosing it would be an unwarranted invasion on the privacy of an individual, before denying information it must be subjected to the acid test of the proviso: Provided that&#160; the information, which cannot be denied to the Parliament or a State Legislature shall not be denied to any person.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">The proviso is meant as a test which must be applied before denying information claiming exemption under Section 8 (1) (j). Public servants have been used to answering questions raised in Parliament and the Legislature. It is difficult for them to develop the attitude of answering demands for information from citizens. Hence, when they have a doubt,&#160; it is worthwhile for them to first consider if they would give this information to the elected representatives. They must first come to the subjective conclusion that they would not provide the information to MPs and MLAs, and record it when denying information to citizens. There is an additional view at this juncture</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">The proviso is meant as a test which must be applied before denying information claiming exemption under Section 8 (1) (j). Public servants have been used to answering questions raised in Parliament and the Legislature. It is difficult for them to develop the attitude of answering demands for information from citizens. 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{indexmenu&gt;:explanations#1}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{indexmenu&gt;:explanations#1}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 10:54:13 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/explanations/disproportionate-diversion-resources?rev=1681556012 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/03 05:36</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 7:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 7:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">“An information shall ordinarily be provided in the form in which it is sought unless it would disproportionately divert the resources of the public authority or would be detrimental to the safety or preservation of the record in question.”</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">“An information shall ordinarily be provided in the form in which it is sought unless it would disproportionately divert the resources of the public authority or would be detrimental to the safety or preservation of the record in question.”</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">In following cases it has been decided by CENTRAL INFORMATION COMMISSION, NEW DELHI that Section 7(9) of the Act does not provide ground for denial of information.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">In following cases it has been decided by CENTRAL INFORMATION COMMISSION, NEW DELHI that Section 7(9) of the Act does not provide ground for denial of information.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 36:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 25:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">**4.&#160; 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However the PIO would have to offer the information in an alternate format when invoking Section 7 (9). Besides the queries do not lend themselves at all to using Section 11 or Section 7 (9). The PIO is directed to give the information to the appellant. He is also warned that denying information in this casual manner will invoke the penal provisions of Section 20 of the Act.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">Section 11 sets out a procedure for giving the opportunity to a third party to give his objections and Section 7 (9) can be invoked only to state that information in the format demanded by the appellant is not possible. However<strong class="diff-mark">,&#160;</strong>the PIO would have to offer the information in an alternate format when invoking Section 7 (9). Besides the queries do not lend themselves at all to using Section 11 or Section 7 (9). The PIO is directed to give the information to the appellant. He is also warned that denying information in this casual manner will invoke the penal provisions of Section 20 of the Act.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">_____________________________________________________</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">_____________________________________________________</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">**8. Extract from judgement dated 07-01-2010 of&#160; HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS in W.P.NO.20372 of 2009 and</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">**8. 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The other objections that they are maintaining a large number of documents in respect of 45 departments and they are short of human resources cannot be raised to whittle down the citizens&#039; right to seek information. It is for them to write to the Government to provide for additional staff depending upon the volume of requests that may be forthcoming pursuant to the RTI Act. It is purely an internal matter between the petitioner archives and the State Government. The right to information having been guaranteed by the law of Parliament, the administrative difficulties in providing information cannot be raised. Such pleas will defeat the very right of citizens to have access to information. Hence the objections raised by the petitioner cannot be countenanced by this court. The writ petition lacks in merit.”</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">“13. 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&quot;In other words, it may be stated here that the relief provided under section 19(8) (a)(v) of the RTI Act 2005, is legally permissible to be provided to the petitioner, if he wishes to file the petition u/s 19(3) of the RTI Act 2005 i.e. second appeal only before this Commission. Similarly, the reliefs provided under Sub Clause (1) &amp; Sub Clause (2) of Section 20 of the RTI Act 2005, are legally permissible to be provided to the petitioner, in case, he wishes to file the petition u/s 18 of the RTI Act 2005 i.e. a complaint before this Commission and, however, not in otherwise.&quot;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&quot;In other words, it may be stated here that the relief provided under section 19(8) (a)(v) of the RTI Act 2005, is legally permissible to be provided to the petitioner, if he wishes to file the petition u/s 19(3) of the RTI Act 2005 i.e. second appeal only before this Commission. Similarly, the reliefs provided under Sub Clause (1) &amp; Sub Clause (2) of Section 20 of the RTI Act 2005, are legally permissible to be provided to the petitioner, in case, he wishes to file the petition u/s 18 of the RTI Act 2005 i.e. a complaint before this Commission and, however, not in otherwise.&quot;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 51:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 28:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">In the absence of expressed &amp; enabling provisions under the RTI Act 2005 to file the composite petition, the composite petition is devoid of merit and deserves to be dismissed.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">In the absence of expressed &amp; enabling provisions under the RTI Act 2005 to file the composite petition, the composite petition is devoid of merit and deserves to be dismissed.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; - {{ :explanations:composite_petition_000542___543___544___545.pdf |}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; - {{ :explanations:composite_petition_000542___543___544___545.pdf |}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; - {{ :explanations:composite_petition_cic_ky_a_2015_000175_m_155699.pdf |}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; 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Khader International [(Union Bank of India Vs. Khader International Construction &amp; Ors (AIR 2001 SC 2277))]//, in which the Apex Court held that a public limited company which is otherwise entitled to maintain a suit as a legal person can very well maintain an application under Order XXXIII Rule-1 of CPC. The Apex Court made reference to serious of decisions on the subject and held that a survey of various decisions should show that preponderance of the view is that the word “person” referred to in Order XXXIII includes a juristic person also. The Apex Court quoted with approval an earliest decision of Division Bench of the Madras High Court in Perumal Koundan Vs. Tirumalrayapuram Jananukoola Dhanasekhara Sanka Nidhi Ltd [(Perumal Koundan Vs. Tirumalrayapuram Jananukoola Dhanasekhara Sanka Nidhi Ltd (AIR 1918 Madras 362))] in which case the company registered under the Companies Act went into liquidation and the appointed official liquidator applied to file a suit on behalf of the company in forma pauperis against the petitioner therein and the petitioners raised objections that the company could not file a suit in forma pauperis. Repelling this contention the Division Bench held:</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">The issue&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">of&#160;</strong>whether the word “person’ mentioned in Rule-1 of Order XXXIII of CPC refers only to a natural person or includes also other juridical persons came up before the Apex Court in //Union Bank of India Vs. Khader International [(Union Bank of India Vs. 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London and Provincial Supply Association (6 Appeal Cases 857))]//:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 80:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 47:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">It is thus a settled position of law that the term ‘person’ referred to in General Clauses Act, 1897&#160;<strong class="diff-mark">include&#160;</strong>natural person and juristic persons. However, the Right to Information Act confers the right not to all ‘persons’ but only on ‘citizens’ and there is no ambiguity about the definition of the term ‘citizen’. **A juristic person can be a “person” but he cannot be a “citizen”**. 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The Hon&#039;ble Supreme Court in //Bennett Coleman &amp; Co. and Ors Vs. Union of India//[(Bennett Coleman &amp; Co. and Ors Vs. Union of India (decided in the year 1973))] (decided in the year 1973) held that a shareholder is entitled to protection of Article 19 and that an individual’s right is not lost by reason of the fact that he is a shareholder of the company.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">The objective of the Right to Information Act is to secure access to information to all citizens or order to promote transparency and accountability. The Hon&#039;ble Supreme Court in //Bennett Coleman &amp; Co. and Ors Vs. Union of India//[(Bennett Coleman &amp; Co. and Ors Vs. Union of India (decided in the year 1973))] (decided in the year 1973) held that a shareholder is entitled to protection of Article 19 and that an individual’s right is not lost by reason of the fact that he is a shareholder of the company.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 162:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 96:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">In conclusion we direct that an application / appeal from an Association or a Partnership Firm or a Hindu Undivided Family or from some other group of individuals constituted as a body or otherwise should be accepted and allowed. 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== Discuss this topic =====</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">===== Discuss this topic =====</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">~~socialite~~</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">~~socialite~~</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 10:48:42 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/sidebar?rev=1681555587 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/03 03:11</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;!-- rtiwiki bottom --&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; 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- When the Employees’ Provident Fund account is transferred from one Employer Company (previous employer) to another Employer Company (present employer) of same EPFO jurisdiction or different EPFO jurisdiction, the employee is required to fill up EPF Form no.13(Revised) which include EPF details and submit it to Present employer company. The present employer company fill in certain details like Account No, Regional Office, Sub Regional Office, Exempted and Trust details (if applicable) and forward Form-13(Rev) to the Commissioner EPF where the account is maintained. The EPFC shall pass an order and transfer the amount by DD /Cheque to the (1) Regional Provident Fund Commissioner of the present employer area OR (2) if it is an exempted establishment (these are establishments which maintain its own PF through a PF Trust) EPF is transferred to the Trust as per Payee&#039;s details filled in by the Present Employer in Form-13(Rev).\\&#160;&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&#160; - When the Employees’ Provident Fund account is transferred from one Employer Company (previous employer) to another Employer Company (present employer) of same EPFO jurisdiction or different EPFO jurisdiction, the employee is required to fill up EPF Form no.13(Revised) which include EPF details and submit it to Present employer company. The present employer company fill in certain details like Account No, Regional Office, Sub Regional Office, Exempted and Trust details (if applicable) and forward Form-13(Rev) to the Commissioner EPF where the account is maintained. The EPFC shall pass an order and transfer the amount by DD /Cheque to the (1) Regional Provident Fund Commissioner of the present employer area OR (2) if it is an exempted establishment (these are establishments which maintain its own PF through a PF Trust) EPF is transferred to the Trust as per Payee&#039;s details filled in by the Present Employer in Form-13(Rev).\\&#160;&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline">&#160; - The transfer is authorized by EPF Commissioner under a prescribed format – ANNEXURE-K (Revised). 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&#160; &#160;style=&quot;display:block&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-format=&quot;fluid&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-layout-key=&quot;-ho+2-b-g+21&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-client=&quot;ca-pub-3082882621726443&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; &#160; &#160;data-ad-slot=&quot;6380931599&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== Download the RTI Act ======</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== Download the RTI Act ======</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 10:43:21 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/guide/applicant/application?rev=1681555371 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/17 04:34</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 4:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 4:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Here are the compilation of Sample Right to Information Applications. 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">==== Download RTI Act ====</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">==== Download RTI Act ====</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{indexmenu&gt;:act#3}}</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">{{indexmenu&gt;:act#3}}</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">~~socialite~~</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">~~socialite~~</td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 15 Apr 2023 10:42:51 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/guide/applicant?rev=1681555342 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2018/06/09 06:59</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 1:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== Guidelines for RTI Applicant ======</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">====== Guidelines for RTI Applicant ======</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;html&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;script async src=&quot;//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;ins class=&quot;adsbygoogle&quot; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&#160; 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">**Sec. 4** of the Act imposes an obligation on public authorities to maintain its records duly catalogued and indexed in a manner and form which facilitates the right to information under the Act.&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">**Sec. 4** of the Act imposes an obligation on public authorities to maintain its records duly catalogued and indexed in a manner and form which facilitates the right to information under the Act.&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 68:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 46:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Obtain information in form of printouts, diskettes, floppies, tapes, video, cassettes or in any other electronic mode or through printouts.</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">Obtain information in form of printouts, diskettes, floppies, tapes, video, cassettes or in any other electronic mode or through printouts.</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&quot;information&quot; 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&#160; &#160;(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/script&gt; </strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">-</td><td class="diff-deletedline"><strong class="diff-mark">&lt;/html&gt;</strong></td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&quot;record&quot; includes:</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">&quot;record&quot; includes:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 104:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 71:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">This is because, or the first time in the history of independent India, there is a law which casts a direct accountability on the officer for non-performance. 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shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 19 Jul 2020 11:10:48 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=important-decisions%3Acourt%3A4228_2015_5_1501_21164_judgement_04-mar-2020.pdf&ns=important-decisions%3Acourt&rev=1595156538&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 19 Jul 2020 11:02:18 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/guide/applicant/application/sample/mla-fund?rev=1594784730 <table><tr><th colspan="2" width="50%">2017/11/26 15:04</th><th colspan="2" width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 122:</td> <td class="diff-blockheader" colspan="2">Line 122:</td> </tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">[&lt;&gt;]</td><td class="diff-lineheader">&#160;</td><td class="diff-context">[&lt;&gt;]</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class="diff-lineheader">+</td><td class="diff-addedline">~~socialite~~</td></tr> </table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Wed, 15 Jul 2020 03:45:30 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=explanations%3Adelhi_high_court_judgment.pdf&ns=explanations&rev=1594570837&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 12 Jul 2020 16:20:37 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=explanations%3Acomposite_petitions_cic_ky_c_2015_000152_m_180880.pdf&ns=explanations&rev=1594570794&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 12 Jul 2020 16:19:54 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=explanations%3Acomposite_petitions_cic_ky_c_2015_000208_m_180890.pdf&ns=explanations&rev=1594555167&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%">1594555052</th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 12 Jul 2020 11:59:27 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=explanations%3Acomposite_petitions_cic_ky_c_2015_000183_m_180896.pdf&ns=explanations&rev=1594555150&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%">1594555052</th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 12 Jul 2020 11:59:10 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=explanations%3Acomposite_petitions_cic_ky_a_2015_001099_m_180064.pdf&ns=explanations&rev=1594555135&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%">1594555052</th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 12 Jul 2020 11:58:55 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=explanations%3Acomposite_petition_cic_ky_a_2015_000175_m_155699.pdf&ns=explanations&rev=1594555118&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%">1594555051</th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 12 Jul 2020 11:58:38 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=explanations%3Acomposite_petition_000542___543___544___545.pdf&ns=explanations&rev=1594555052&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 12 Jul 2020 11:57:32 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=explanations%3Acomposite-application.png&ns=explanations&rev=1594554776&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sun, 12 Jul 2020 11:52:56 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=wiki%3Alogo.png&ns=wiki&rev=1594134580&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%">1594134572</th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 07 Jul 2020 15:09:40 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=blog%3Acic-ashok-lavasa.pdf&ns=blog&rev=1587473793&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 21 Apr 2020 12:56:33 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=blog%3Acic-ecomm-a-2019-150996-bj.pdf&ns=blog&rev=1587472515&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Tue, 21 Apr 2020 12:35:15 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=important-decisions%3Acourt%3Ainformation_cannot_be_denied.png&ns=important-decisions%3Acourt&rev=1581652560&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Fri, 14 Feb 2020 03:56:00 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=important-decisions%3Apdf_upload-367812.pdf&ns=important-decisions&rev=1578149234&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 04 Jan 2020 14:47:14 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=time_to_get_inked_and_upload_a_selfie_at_voter_helpline_app.png&ns=0&rev=1556371015&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 27 Apr 2019 13:16:55 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=guide%3Aapplicant%3Aapplication%3Asample%3Afir_rti.jpg&ns=guide%3Aapplicant%3Aapplication%3Asample&rev=1533174564&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Thu, 02 Aug 2018 01:49:24 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=guide%3Aapplicant%3Awhat_is_rti.jpg&ns=guide%3Aapplicant&rev=1532146191&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 21 Jul 2018 04:09:51 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=guide%3Aapplicant%3Asecond_appeal_under_rti_decision_of_cic.png&ns=guide%3Aapplicant&rev=1529744816&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 23 Jun 2018 09:06:56 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=guide%3Aapplicant%3Asecond_appeal_under_rti_time_limit.png&ns=guide%3Aapplicant&rev=1529742318&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 23 Jun 2018 08:25:18 +0000 https://www.righttoinformation.wiki/?image=guide%3Aapplicant%3Asecond_appeal_under_rti_why.png&ns=guide%3Aapplicant&rev=1529741897&do=media <table><tr><th width="50%"></th><th width="50%">current</th></tr><tr><td align="center"></td><td align="center"></td></tr></table> shrawan@undisclosed.example.com (Shrawan) Sat, 23 Jun 2018 08:18:17 +0000